Recombinant Human AGRP protein (His tag)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

AGRP also known as Agouti-related protein is a neuropeptide with a molecular weight of approximately 13.5 kDa. It is predominantly expressed in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in the brain and some regions of the adrenal gland. AGRP serves as an antagonist to melanocortin receptors particularly the melanocortin 3 and 4 receptors (MC3R and MC4R) which are involved in energy homeostasis. By binding to these receptors AGRP plays a critical role in the regulation of appetite and energy balance by inhibiting the action of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.

Biological function summary

AGRP is involved in the regulation of feeding behavior and body weight. It does not function as part of a larger complex but operates effectively as an antagonist in its own right. When expressed AGRP influences energy expenditure and food intake contributing to how the body regulates hunger and satiety. Its activity helps to modulate signaling pathways that can increase the desire to eat when energy stores are depleted.

Pathways

AGRP plays a notable role in the melanocortin pathway and influences the hypothalamic signaling pathways related to energy balance. It interacts with melanocortin receptors as part of this system modulating signals that maintain energy homeostasis. AGRP is closely related to orexigenic pathways working alongside other proteins like neuropeptide Y (NPY) which further stimulate appetite and food intake.

AGRP has a strong connection to obesity and metabolic disorders. It is implicated in conditions where energy balance is disrupted leading to excessive weight gain. AGRP levels can be elevated in individuals with obesity suggesting a link between its upregulation and increased appetite. Additionally the protein interacts with leptin a hormone involved in energy expenditure and appetite suppression highlighting AGRP's role in metabolic conditions where leptin signaling may be impaired.