Recombinant Human AIF protein is a Human Full Length protein, in the 98 to 609 aa range, expressed in Escherichia coli, with >95% purity and suitable for SDS-PAGE.
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Key facts
- Purity
- >95% SDS-PAGE
- Expression system
- Escherichia coli
- Tags
- His tag N-Terminus
- Applications
- SDS-PAGE
- Biologically active
- No
Amino acid sequence
M G S S H H H H H H S S G L V P R G S H M G S E F L G L T P E Q K Q K K A A L S A S E G E E V P Q D K A P S H V P F L L I G G G T A A F A A A R S I R A R D P G A R V L I V S E D P E L P Y M R P P L S K E L W F S D D P N V T K T L R F K Q W N G K E R S I Y F Q P P S F Y V S A Q D L P H I E N G G V A V L T G K K V V Q L D V R D N M V K L N D G S Q I T Y E K C L I A T G G T P R S L S A I D R A G A E V K S R T T L F R K I G D F R S L E K I S R E V K S I T I I G G G F L G S E L A C A L G R K A R A L G T E V I Q L F P E K G N M G K I L P E Y L S N W T M E K V R R E G V K V M P N A I V Q S V G V S S G K L L I K L K D G R K V E T D H I V A A V G L E P N V E L A K T G G L E I D S D F G G F R V N A E L Q A R S N I W V A G D A A C F Y D I K L G R R R V E H H D H A V V S G R L A G E N M T G A A K P Y W H Q S M F W S D L G P D V G Y E A I G L V D S S L P T V G V F A K A T A Q D N P K S A T E Q S G T G I R S E S E T E S E A S E I T I P P S T P A V P Q A P V Q G E D Y G K G V I F Y L R D K V V V G I V L W N I F N R M P I A R K I I K D G E Q H E D L N E V A K L F N I H E D
Reactivity data
| Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Application SDS-PAGE | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Target data
Function
Functions both as NADH oxidoreductase and as regulator of apoptosis (PubMed:17094969, PubMed:20362274, PubMed:23217327, PubMed:33168626). In response to apoptotic stimuli, it is released from the mitochondrion intermembrane space into the cytosol and to the nucleus, where it functions as a proapoptotic factor in a caspase-independent pathway (PubMed:20362274). Release into the cytoplasm is mediated upon binding to poly-ADP-ribose chains (By similarity). The soluble form (AIFsol) found in the nucleus induces 'parthanatos' i.e. caspase-independent fragmentation of chromosomal DNA (PubMed:20362274). Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner (PubMed:27178839). Interacts with EIF3G, and thereby inhibits the EIF3 machinery and protein synthesis, and activates caspase-7 to amplify apoptosis (PubMed:17094969). Plays a critical role in caspase-independent, pyknotic cell death in hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells (PubMed:19418225). In contrast, participates in normal mitochondrial metabolism. Plays an important role in the regulation of respiratory chain biogenesis by interacting with CHCHD4 and controlling CHCHD4 mitochondrial import (PubMed:26004228). Isoform 4. Has NADH oxidoreductase activity. Does not induce nuclear apoptosis. Isoform 5. Pro-apoptotic isoform.
Alternative names
AIF, PDCD8, AIFM1, Programmed cell death protein 8
Recommended products
Recombinant Human AIF protein is a Human Full Length protein, in the 98 to 609 aa range, expressed in Escherichia coli, with >95% purity and suitable for SDS-PAGE.
Key facts
- Purity
- >95% SDS-PAGE
- Expression system
- Escherichia coli
- Tags
- His tag N-Terminus
- Applications
- SDS-PAGE
- Biologically active
- No
- Accession
- O95831-1
- Animal free
- No
- Species
- Human
- Concentration
- Storage buffer
pH: 8
Constituents: 10% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.58% Sodium chloride, 0.32% Tris HCl
Sequence info
Amino acid sequence
- M G S S H H H H H H S S G L V P R G S H M G S E F L G L T P E Q K Q K K A A L S A S E G E E V P Q D K A P S H V P F L L I G G G T A A F A A A R S I R A R D P G A R V L I V S E D P E L P Y M R P P L S K E L W F S D D P N V T K T L R F K Q W N G K E R S I Y F Q P P S F Y V S A Q D L P H I E N G G V A V L T G K K V V Q L D V R D N M V K L N D G S Q I T Y E K C L I A T G G T P R S L S A I D R A G A E V K S R T T L F R K I G D F R S L E K I S R E V K S I T I I G G G F L G S E L A C A L G R K A R A L G T E V I Q L F P E K G N M G K I L P E Y L S N W T M E K V R R E G V K V M P N A I V Q S V G V S S G K L L I K L K D G R K V E T D H I V A A V G L E P N V E L A K T G G L E I D S D F G G F R V N A E L Q A R S N I W V A G D A A C F Y D I K L G R R R V E H H D H A V V S G R L A G E N M T G A A K P Y W H Q S M F W S D L G P D V G Y E A I G L V D S S L P T V G V F A K A T A Q D N P K S A T E Q S G T G I R S E S E T E S E A S E I T I P P S T P A V P Q A P V Q G E D Y G K G V I F Y L R D K V V V G I V L W N I F N R M P I A R K I I K D G E Q H E D L N E V A K L F N I H E D
- Accession
- O95831
- Protein length
- Full Length
- Predicted molecular weight
- 58.5 kDa
- Amino acids
- 98 to 609
- Nature
- Recombinant
- Tags
- His tag N-Terminus
Specifications
- Form
- Liquid
- Additional notes
ab177656 was purified using conventional chromatography.
General info
- Function
Functions both as NADH oxidoreductase and as regulator of apoptosis (PubMed:17094969, PubMed:20362274, PubMed:23217327, PubMed:33168626). In response to apoptotic stimuli, it is released from the mitochondrion intermembrane space into the cytosol and to the nucleus, where it functions as a proapoptotic factor in a caspase-independent pathway (PubMed:20362274). Release into the cytoplasm is mediated upon binding to poly-ADP-ribose chains (By similarity). The soluble form (AIFsol) found in the nucleus induces 'parthanatos' i.e. caspase-independent fragmentation of chromosomal DNA (PubMed:20362274). Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner (PubMed:27178839). Interacts with EIF3G, and thereby inhibits the EIF3 machinery and protein synthesis, and activates caspase-7 to amplify apoptosis (PubMed:17094969). Plays a critical role in caspase-independent, pyknotic cell death in hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells (PubMed:19418225). In contrast, participates in normal mitochondrial metabolism. Plays an important role in the regulation of respiratory chain biogenesis by interacting with CHCHD4 and controlling CHCHD4 mitochondrial import (PubMed:26004228).
- Sequence similarities
Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase family.
- Post-translational modifications
Under normal conditions, a 54-residue N-terminal segment is first proteolytically removed during or just after translocation into the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) by the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP) to form the inner-membrane-anchored mature form (AIFmit). During apoptosis, it is further proteolytically processed at amino-acid position 101 leading to the generation of the mature form, which is confined to the mitochondrial IMS in a soluble form (AIFsol). AIFsol is released to the cytoplasm in response to specific death signals, and translocated to the nucleus, where it induces nuclear apoptosis in a caspase-independent manner.
- Subcellular localisation
- Mitochondrion intermembrane space, Mitochondrion inner membrane, Nucleus, Mitochondrion
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage duration
- 1-2 weeks
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Aliquoting information
- Upon delivery aliquot
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
AIF short for Apoptosis-Inducing Factor is a flavoprotein characterized by its mass of approximately 57 kDa. It resides in the mitochondria of cells where it plays a decisive role in apoptosis. Under normal conditions AIF remains in the mitochondrial intermembrane space but when cells receive apoptotic signals AIF translocates to the nucleus leading to chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation. The protein is also known as AIFM1 and performs functions beyond apoptosis including regulation of reactive oxygen species. Often analyzed using tools like a mitochondrial AB marker researchers use AIF as an important part of understanding cell death mechanisms.
- Biological function summary
AIF functions as an important element in mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Once released from mitochondria AIF triggers a caspase-independent pathway of apoptosis making it distinct from other pathways where caspases are central. While not part of a larger protein complex AIF interacts closely with several mitochondrial and nuclear elements to execute its functions. Researchers often monitor AIF activity using apoptosis ELISA kits which help in precise detection and quantification of this protein within cellular systems.
- Pathways
The presence and activity of AIF align with the broader apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial respiration. AIF links significantly with other molecules like cytochrome c released during apoptosis although cytochrome c follows a caspase-dependent pathway. It also shows involvement in various cellular injury and stress response pathways reinforcing its role as a major player in cellular fate decisions and intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms.
- Associated diseases and disorders
AIF holds relevance in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and certain forms of cancer. Misregulation or mutations in AIF can lead to increased susceptibility to these conditions highlighting its importance in maintaining normal cellular and mitochondrial function. AIF also interacts with other proteins implicated in these disorders such as E2F1 in cancer which shares similar apoptotic regulatory roles. These interactions highlight the biological significance of AIF beyond its fundamental apoptosis function making it a potential target for therapeutic interventions.
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SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human AIF protein (ab177656)
15% SDS-PAGE analysis of ab177656 (3 μg).
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