Recombinant Human Amylin/DAP protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Amylin also known as Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP) is a peptide hormone mainly produced and co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic beta cells. This peptide has a molecular mass of approximately 3.9 kDa. Amylin is highly expressed in the pancreas with some expression in the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. In images DAP typically refers to 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole which isn't directly related to amylin but this clarification can avoid confusion in laboratory discussions.

Biological function summary

Amylin peptide regulates blood glucose levels by slowing gastric emptying and promoting satiety. It acts as part of a complex with calcitonin receptor and a receptor activity-modifying protein to mediate its effects efficiently. Amylin influences the central nervous system by affecting appetite and has roles in bone metabolism through interactions with receptors related to alkaline phosphatase 138.

Pathways

Amylin functions in the glucose homeostasis and energy regulation pathways. It closely works with insulin impacting how the body manages postprandial glucose spikes. The peptide also interacts with cAMP signaling which is part of the same network that involves proteins like glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) which harmonizes action between different metabolic regulatory components.

Amylin accumulates in the form of amyloid deposits in type 2 diabetes contributing to the degeneration of beta cells. The presence of amylin aggregates connects with insulin in this pathology aggravating disease progression. Moreover the peptide plays a part in Alzheimer's disease where its amyloidogenic properties may have overlapping mechanisms with amyloid beta deposits impacting neurodegeneration through similar receptor pathways.