Recombinant Human APOA4/Apo-AIV protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

APOA4 also known as Apo-AIV or apolipoprotein A4 is a protein mainly expressed in the small intestine and liver. It has a molecular mass of approximately 46 kDa. This protein plays a significant role in lipid metabolism by facilitating the transport of lipids in the bloodstream. APOA4 exists in the plasma and associates predominately with high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and to a lesser extent with chylomicrons.

Biological function summary

Apolipoprotein A4 acts as an important player in the regulation of lipid homeostasis and satiety. This protein is not part of a complex but enhances the efficiency of lipid absorption and transport. APOA4 reacts with enzymes like lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase which is essential in the maturation of HDL particles. This interaction supports cholesterol efflux and assists in maintaining cholesterol balance within the body.

Pathways

APOA4 is heavily involved in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway which is important for removing excess cholesterol from cells and tissues taking it back to the liver for excretion. Within this pathway APOA4 interacts with key proteins like apolipoprotein A1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase to aid in this lipid transport mechanism. It also participates in a related lipid homeostasis pathway enhancing lipid absorption efficiency.

Research links APOA4 to atherosclerosis and obesity. Altered expression or function of apolipoprotein A4 often correlates with increased cardiovascular disease risk due to its role in cholesterol transport. It is associated with apolipoprotein A1 as both of these proteins significantly impact lipid profiles related to cardiovascular health. The ability of APOA4 to influence satiety also connects it to obesity suggesting a role in energy balance regulation.