Recombinant Human Aquaporin 2 protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Aquaporin 2 often referred to as AQP2 or aquaporin-2 channels is a water channel protein facilitating water transport across cell membranes. This protein belongs to the larger family of aquaporins which includes variants such as aquaporine often referred to interchangeably. Aquaporin 2 is a glycosylated integral membrane protein with an estimated mass of about 29 kDa. It expresses mainly in the kidney specifically in the collecting duct cells where it plays a pivotal role in water reabsorption.

Biological function summary

Aquaporin 2 serves a critical function in maintaining body water balance homeostasis. AQP2 responds to vasopressin a hormone that triggers its translocation to the apical membrane of collecting duct cells enabling water permeability. It is not part of a broader protein complex but operates independently within the cell membrane. This activity regulates urine concentration contributing to the maintenance of body fluids under variable hydration conditions.

Pathways

Aquaporin 2 contributes prominently to the vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption pathway and relates to the renal water reabsorption pathway. These pathways are important for interpreting how water homeostasis is managed by the body. Proteins such as the vasopressin receptor (also known as AVPR2) interact directly with AQP2 enabling its regulation and function. The interaction with cAMP signaling pathways facilitates the relocation of aquaporin 2 to its active site on the cell membrane ensuring efficient water reabsorption.

Mutations or dysregulation in aquaporin 2 can cause conditions like nephrogenic diabetes insipidus characterized by an inability to concentrate urine leading to excessive urination and thirst. Another disorder associated with AQP2 is syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). These conditions highlight the importance of aquaporin 2 in fluid homeostasis and they connect it to regulatory proteins such as vasopressin itself emphasizing the interconnected nature of cellular proteins in disease mechanisms.