Recombinant Human ARL14 protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

ARL14 also known as ARF-like 14 is a small GTPase belonging to the ARF family. It plays important roles in regulating membrane trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics. The protein weighs approximately 20 kDa and is mainly expressed in immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Its expression is particularly high in the spleen and lymph nodes suggestive of its important roles in immune function.

Biological function summary

ARL14 influences the formation and function of the immunological synapse. It has strong interactions with myosin 1E forming a complex that influences actin-based movement. By modulating the rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton ARL14 supports important immune synapse activities which are pivotal for antigen presentation and T cell activation. This activity highlights its importance in maintaining efficient immune response.

Pathways

ARL14 is involved in the Rho GTPase signaling pathway. This pathway regulates a wide range of cellular processes like cell shape motility and cycle progression. ARL14 works alongside proteins such as Rac and Cdc42 which are also part of the Rho family to support cytoskeletal reorganization. Through these pathways ARL14 helps in trafficking immune receptors and signaling complexes to the correct cellular locations thereby assisting innate and adaptive immune responses.

Researchers have linked ARL14 to autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions. Dysregulation of ARL14 may contribute to altered immune synapse formation which can lead to improper immune activation seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Its association with the myosin 1E protein further implicates ARL14 in these disorders as disruptions in actin motility and membrane trafficking can exacerbate disease pathogenesis. Understanding ARL14's specific roles in these conditions might offer new avenues for therapeutic targets.