Recombinant human Aurora B protein

Specifications

Form

Liquid

Additional notes

Affinity purified.

General info

Function

Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis (PubMed : 11516652, PubMed : 12925766, PubMed : 14610074, PubMed : 14722118, PubMed : 29449677). The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly (PubMed : 11516652, PubMed : 12925766, PubMed : 14610074, PubMed : 14722118, PubMed : 26829474). Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis (PubMed : 15249581). Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation (PubMed : 12458200, PubMed : 12686604). Key component of the cytokinesis checkpoint, a process required to delay abscission to prevent both premature resolution of intercellular chromosome bridges and accumulation of DNA damage : phosphorylates CHMP4C, leading to retain abscission-competent VPS4 (VPS4A and/or VPS4B) at the midbody ring until abscission checkpoint signaling is terminated at late cytokinesis (PubMed : 22422861, PubMed : 24814515). AURKB phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin and INCENP (PubMed : 11516652, PubMed : 12925766, PubMed : 14610074). Phosphorylation of INCENP leads to increased AURKB activity (PubMed : 11516652, PubMed : 12925766, PubMed : 14610074). Other known AURKB substrates involved in centromeric functions and mitosis are CENPA, DES/desmin, GPAF, KIF2C, NSUN2, RACGAP1, SEPTIN1, VIM/vimentin, HASPIN, and histone H3 (PubMed : 11756469, PubMed : 11784863, PubMed : 11856369, PubMed : 12689593, PubMed : 14602875, PubMed : 16103226, PubMed : 21658950). A positive feedback loop involving HASPIN and AURKB contributes to localization of CPC to centromeres (PubMed : 21658950). Phosphorylation of VIM controls vimentin filament segregation in cytokinetic process, whereas histone H3 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' during mitosis (H3S10ph and H3S28ph, respectively) (PubMed : 11784863, PubMed : 11856369). AURKB is also required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGO1 (PubMed : 15020684, PubMed : 17617734). Phosphorylation of p53/TP53 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity (PubMed : 20959462). Key regulator of active promoters in resting B- and T-lymphocytes : acts by mediating phosphorylation of H3S28ph at active promoters in resting B-cells, inhibiting RNF2/RING1B-mediated ubiquitination of histone H2A and enhancing binding and activity of the USP16 deubiquitinase at transcribed genes (By similarity). Acts as an inhibitor of CGAS during mitosis : catalyzes phosphorylation of the N-terminus of CGAS during the G2-M transition, blocking CGAS liquid phase separation and activation, and thereby preventing CGAS-induced autoimmunity (PubMed : 33542149). Phosphorylates KRT5 during anaphase and telophase (By similarity). Phosphorylates ATXN10 which promotes phosphorylation of ATXN10 by PLK1 and may play a role in the regulation of cytokinesis and stimulating the proteasomal degradation of ATXN10 (PubMed : 25666058).

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.

Post-translational modifications

The phosphorylation of Thr-232 requires the binding to INCENP and occurs by means of an autophosphorylation mechanism (PubMed:14722118). Thr-232 phosphorylation is indispensable for the AURKB kinase activity (PubMed:14722118, PubMed:26829474).. Acetylated at Lys-215 by KAT5 at kinetochores, increasing AURKB activity and promoting accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis.. Ubiquitinated by different BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes (PubMed:17543862, PubMed:19995937). Ubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL9-KLHL13) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, ubiquitination leads to removal from mitotic chromosomes and is required for cytokinesis (PubMed:17543862). During anaphase, the BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex recruits the CPC complex from chromosomes to the spindle midzone and mediates the ubiquitination of AURKB (PubMed:17543862). Ubiquitination of AURKB by BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex may not lead to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:19995937). Deubiquitinated by USP35; inhibiting CDH1-mediated degradation of AURKB (PubMed:29449677).

Subcellular localisation

Nucleus