Recombinant human BTK protein

Specifications

Form

Liquid

Additional notes

Affinity purified.

General info

Function

Non-receptor tyrosine kinase indispensable for B lymphocyte development, differentiation and signaling (PubMed : 19290921). Binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) triggers signaling that ultimately leads to B-cell activation (PubMed : 19290921). After BCR engagement and activation at the plasma membrane, phosphorylates PLCG2 at several sites, igniting the downstream signaling pathway through calcium mobilization, followed by activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) family members (PubMed : 11606584). PLCG2 phosphorylation is performed in close cooperation with the adapter protein B-cell linker protein BLNK (PubMed : 11606584). BTK acts as a platform to bring together a diverse array of signaling proteins and is implicated in cytokine receptor signaling pathways (PubMed : 16517732, PubMed : 17932028). Plays an important role in the function of immune cells of innate as well as adaptive immunity, as a component of the Toll-like receptors (TLR) pathway (PubMed : 16517732). The TLR pathway acts as a primary surveillance system for the detection of pathogens and are crucial to the activation of host defense (PubMed : 16517732). Especially, is a critical molecule in regulating TLR9 activation in splenic B-cells (PubMed : 16517732, PubMed : 17932028). Within the TLR pathway, induces tyrosine phosphorylation of TIRAP which leads to TIRAP degradation (PubMed : 16415872). BTK also plays a critical role in transcription regulation (PubMed : 19290921). Induces the activity of NF-kappa-B, which is involved in regulating the expression of hundreds of genes (PubMed : 19290921). BTK is involved on the signaling pathway linking TLR8 and TLR9 to NF-kappa-B (PubMed : 19290921). Acts as an activator of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly by mediating phosphorylation of NLRP3 (PubMed : 34554188). Transiently phosphorylates transcription factor GTF2I on tyrosine residues in response to BCR (PubMed : 9012831). GTF2I then translocates to the nucleus to bind regulatory enhancer elements to modulate gene expression (PubMed : 9012831). ARID3A and NFAT are other transcriptional target of BTK (PubMed : 16738337). BTK is required for the formation of functional ARID3A DNA-binding complexes (PubMed : 16738337). There is however no evidence that BTK itself binds directly to DNA (PubMed : 16738337). BTK has a dual role in the regulation of apoptosis (PubMed : 9751072).

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. TEC subfamily.

Post-translational modifications

Following B-cell receptor (BCR) engagement, translocates to the plasma membrane where it gets phosphorylated at Tyr-551 by LYN and SYK. Phosphorylation at Tyr-551 is followed by autophosphorylation of Tyr-223 which may create a docking site for a SH2 containing protein. Phosphorylation at Ser-180 by PRKCB, leads in translocation of BTK back to the cytoplasmic fraction. Phosphorylation at Ser-21 and Ser-115 creates a binding site for PIN1 at these Ser-Pro motifs, and promotes it's recruitment.

Subcellular localisation

Nucleus