Recombinant Human coronavirus SARS CoV Envelope protein

Supplementary info

Activity summary

The SARS-CoV envelope protein also known as E protein is a small membrane protein with a mass of approximately 9.6 kDa. It is a structural component of the SARS coronavirus and integrates into the viral envelope. This protein expresses primarily in the membranes of infected host cells contributing to virion assembly budding and release. The E protein acts as an ion channel and facilitates virus-to-host cell interaction which is critical during the coronavirus life cycle.

Biological function summary

The E protein functions within virus replication and pathogenesis. It forms part of the viral assembly complex interacting with the membrane (M) protein and nucleocapsid (N) protein during virion maturation. The E protein impacts the host cell’s cellular pathways by altering membrane permeability and modulating host cell stress responses. Additionally its ion channel activity contributes to virus-host cell interactions and is believed to play a role in immune response evasion.

Pathways

The E protein participates in the coronavirus replication and assembly process. It is involved in the virion assembly pathway and interacts with other viral proteins like the M and N proteins to facilitate this process. The E protein's role in the modification of the host cell’s Golgi apparatus assists in viral budding and release an essential part of the coronavirus replication cycle that is important for efficient viral propagation.

Associated diseases and disorders

The E protein has significance in the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and its role in coronavirus infections. Its interaction with other viral proteins like the structural M protein contributes to the inflammatory responses seen in SARS-CoV infections. Additionally due to its ion channel activity the E protein could influence respiratory complications by affecting cellular stress and apoptosis pathways associated with SARS-CoV related diseases.