Recombinant Human CTAG1A protein (Tagged)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

CTAG1A commonly known as NY-ESO-1 is a protein expressed mainly in germ cells of the testis. This protein has an approximate mass of 22 kDa and is encoded by a gene located on the X chromosome. While typically silent in most somatic tissues NY-ESO-1 is highly expressed in various cancer types making it an intriguing target for oncological research and immunotherapy. Its expression outside of the testis usually indicates abnormal cell activity such as tumor development.

Biological function summary

NY-ESO-1 acts as a cancer/testis antigen eliciting immune responses in cancer patients. It does not form part of a larger protein complex but is known for its ability to stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity. This makes NY-ESO-1 an attractive target in the development of cancer vaccines and adoptive T-cell therapies. The protein can initiate strong immune recognition which is important for designing antigen-specific cancer immunotherapies.

Pathways

The protein takes part in mechanisms involving immune system recognition and action. NY-ESO-1 does not directly engage in classical signaling pathways but instead influences pathways by activating immune responses. It relates particularly to MHC class I and class II pathways where it presents its peptides to cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells. This involvement marks NY-ESO-1 as a partner alongside other antigens like MAGE-A3 which share similar immunogenic properties in cancer treatment paradigms.

NY-ESO-1 has a significant relationship with various cancers notably melanoma and lung cancer. Its expression in these cancers provides a target for antibody-based therapies or vaccine development. In cancer immunotherapy NY-ESO-1 connects closely with proteins like LAGE-1 another cancer/testis antigen as they are co-expressed in certain tumors offering multiple points of immune activation. The presence of NY-ESO-1 in tumors often associates with aggressive disease progression and can serve as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and therapy selection.