Recombinant Human CXCL11 Protein (Active)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

CXCL11 also known as I-TAC or Interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. It weighs around 8 to 11 kilodaltons. CXCL11 predominantly expresses itself in tissues such as the thymus spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes after stimulation with interferons. Its primary role is attracting activated T-cells especially those expressing CXCR3 receptor contributing to immune surveillance and response.

Biological function summary

The chemokine plays an important role in immune system regulation and inflammation response. It attracts and activates leukocytes including T-cells and natural killer cells driving them to sites of inflammation and injury. CXCL11 is not part of a complex but interacts with other chemokines and cytokines to modulate immune responses. Its expression is upregulated in response to IFN-γ working synergistically with other chemokines like CXCL9 and CXCL10 in inflammatory environments.

Pathways

CXCL11 is integral to the chemotaxis signaling pathway. It influences the migration and activation of immune cells by interacting with the CXCR3 receptor. This pathway shares involvement with proteins such as CXCL10 which also binds to CXCR3 enabling precise directionality and regulation of immune cell movement towards inflammation sites. Additionally CXCL11's participation in the inflammatory response pathway connects it to multiple cellular responses necessary for combating infections.

CXCL11 has been linked to autoimmune diseases and cancer. Its elevated expression is associated with conditions like multiple sclerosis where it may contribute to the pathological migration of immune cells into the central nervous system. In cancer CXCL11 can affect tumor microenvironments by recruiting immune cells with cytotoxic potential although this may also facilitate tumor progression in certain contexts. Proteins related to its disease association include CXCR3 and CXCL10 which together modulate various immunological outcomes in these diseases.