Recombinant Human DPH4 protein (His tag N-Terminus)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

DPH4 also known as diphthamide biosynthesis protein 4 plays an important role in diphthamide synthesis a unique post-translational modification of a histidine residue in eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2). DPH4 has a molecular mass of approximately 43 kDa. The expression of DPH4 appears predominantly in the cytoplasm across various tissues. Its function supports the activity of eEF2 by stabilizing ribosome translocation during protein synthesis.

Biological function summary

DPH4 facilitates the final step in diphthamide formation an essential modification for eEF2 functionality. This protein participates in a complex that includes other DPH proteins such as DPH1 DPH2 and DPH5 which work together to transfer and refine the diphthamide group. DPH4's role in this complex is critical for modifying eEF2 a factor necessary for effective protein translation and cellular function.

Pathways

The diphthamide biosynthesis pathway relies heavily on DPH4's activity. This pathway connects to the protein synthesis pathway emphasizing DPH4's contribution to overall cellular growth and maintenance. Additionally its interaction with eEF2 and other DPH proteins highlights DPH4's integration in translation regulation influencing how cells synthesize proteins under varying conditions.

DPH4's role in diphthamide modification links to susceptibility to bacterial toxins such as those produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae which must modify eEF2 to exert pathological effects. Mutations or malfunctions in the diphthamide biosynthesis pathway may also associate with carcinomas due to disruptions in protein synthesis. The interaction with eEF2 and other pathway components suggests that DPH4 dysfunction could potentially influence tumorigenesis.