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AB268521

Recombinant human EIF2S1 protein (His tag)

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Recombinant human EIF2S1 protein (His tag) is a Human Full Length protein, in the 1 to 315 aa range, expressed in Escherichia coli, with >70%, suitable for SDS-PAGE.

View Alternative Names

EIF2A, EIF2S1, Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1, Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha, eIF-2-alpha, eIF-2A, eIF-2alpha, eIF2-alpha

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SDS-PAGE - Recombinant human EIF2S1 protein (His tag) (AB268521)
  • SDS-PAGE

Supplier Data

SDS-PAGE - Recombinant human EIF2S1 protein (His tag) (AB268521)

SDS-PAGE analysis of ab268521.

MW ~40 kDa.

Key facts

Purity

>70% SDS-PAGE

Expression system

Escherichia coli

Tags

His tag N-Terminus

Applications

SDS-PAGE

applications

Biologically active

No

Accession

P05198

Animal free

No

Carrier free

No

Species

Human

Storage buffer

pH: 7 Preservative: 1.02% Imidazole Constituents: 25% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 1.74% Sodium chloride, 0.82% Sodium phosphate, 0.004% (R*,R*)-1,4-Dimercaptobutan-2,3-diol, 0.002% PMSF

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Recombinant Human eIF2A protein (His tag N-Terminus)

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Primary Antibodies

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Reactivity", "Dilution Info", "Notes"] }, "values": { "SDS-PAGE": { "reactivity":"TESTED_AND_REACTS", "dilution-info":"", "notes":"<p></p>" } } }
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Sequence info

[{"sequence":"MPGLSCRFYQHKFPEVEDVVMVNVRSIAEMGAYVSLLEYNNIEGMILLSELSRRRIRSINKLIRIGRNECVVVIRVDKEKGYIDLSKRRVSPEEAIKCEDKFTKSKTVYSILRHVAEVLEYTKDEQLESLFQRTAWVFDDKYKRPGYGAYDAFKHAVSDPSILDSLDLNEDEREVLINNINRRLTPQAVKIRADIEVACYGYEGIDAVKEALRAGLNCSTENMPIKINLIAPPRYVMTTTTLERTEGLSVLSQAMAVIKEKIEEKRGVFNVQMEPKVVTDTDETELARQMERLERENAEVDGDDDAEEMEAKAED","proteinLength":"Full Length","predictedMolecularWeight":null,"actualMolecularWeight":null,"aminoAcidEnd":315,"aminoAcidStart":1,"nature":"Recombinant","expressionSystem":"Escherichia coli","accessionNumber":"P05198","tags":[{"tag":"His","terminus":"N-Terminus"}]}]
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Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions
Dry Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
-80°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-80°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
False
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

EIF2S1 also called eIF2α is a subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) complex. This protein plays an important role in the initiation of protein synthesis by regulating the binding of the initiator methionyl-tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit. Its molecular weight is approximately 36 kDa. EIF2S1 is widely expressed in various tissues providing a fundamental function in protein biosynthesis across different cell types.
Biological function summary

EIF2α acts as a regulatory component of the eIF2 complex which is central to initiating translation in eukaryotic cells. Phosphorylation of eIF2α leads to inhibition of the exchange of GDP to GTP on eIF2 effectively reducing global protein synthesis while allowing the translation of specific mRNAs involved in stress responses. The eIF2α forms part of the eIF2 complex working closely with other subunits to exert its regulatory functions.

Pathways

EIF2α is involved in the integrated stress response (ISR) and other protein synthesis pathways. The phosphorylation state of eIF2α is important in ISR linking it to proteins such as PERK and GCN2 which respond to various stress signals. Phospho-eIF2α plays a significant role in modulating the translation response to cellular stress ensuring cells can adapt or initiate apoptosis depending on the conditions.

EIF2α connects to diseases like Alzheimer's and diabetes. Alterations in phosphorylation of eIF2α are linked to endoplasmic reticulum stress in Alzheimer's affecting protein homeostasis. Connecting to diabetes dysregulated eIF2α signaling interferes with insulin synthesis and secretion. Proteins like ATF4 also intersect with eIF2α in these diseases highlighting eIF2α's involvement in critical pathological processes.
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Specifications

Form

Liquid

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General info

Function

Member of the eIF2 complex that functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA (PubMed : 16289705, PubMed : 38340717). This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC) (PubMed : 16289705). Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF2 and release of an eIF2-GDP binary complex (PubMed : 16289705). In order for eIF2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF2B (PubMed : 16289705). EIF2S1/eIF2-alpha is a key component of the integrated stress response (ISR), required for adaptation to various stress : phosphorylation by metabolic-stress sensing protein kinases (EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2) in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to an attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1, and hence allowing ATF4- and QRICH1-mediated reprogramming (PubMed : 19131336, PubMed : 33384352, PubMed : 38340717). EIF2S1/eIF2-alpha also acts as an activator of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial damage : phosphorylation by EIF2AK1/HRI promotes relocalization to the mitochondrial surface, thereby triggering PRKN-independent mitophagy (PubMed : 38340717).

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the eIF-2-alpha family.

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylation at Ser-49 and Ser-52 stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of integrated stress response (ISR)-specific mRNAs (PubMed:10026192, PubMed:15207627, PubMed:18032499, PubMed:19131336, PubMed:31048492). Substrate for at least 4 kinases: EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2 (PubMed:15489334, PubMed:38340717). Phosphorylation on Ser-52 by the EIF2AK4/GCN2 protein kinase occurs in response to amino acid starvation and UV irradiation (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-52 by the EIF2AK3/PERK protein kinase occurs in response to the unfolded protein response (PubMed:10026192). Phosphorylation at Ser-52 by EIF2AK1/HRI in response to mitochondrial damage promotes relocalization to the mitochondrial surface (PubMed:38340717).. (Microbial infection) Phosphorylation by vaccinia virus protein E3 and rotavirus A stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation.

Subcellular localisation

Mitochondrion

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Product protocols

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Target data

Member of the eIF2 complex that functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA (PubMed : 16289705, PubMed : 38340717). This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC) (PubMed : 16289705). Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF2 and release of an eIF2-GDP binary complex (PubMed : 16289705). In order for eIF2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF2B (PubMed : 16289705). EIF2S1/eIF2-alpha is a key component of the integrated stress response (ISR), required for adaptation to various stress : phosphorylation by metabolic-stress sensing protein kinases (EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2) in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to an attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1, and hence allowing ATF4- and QRICH1-mediated reprogramming (PubMed : 19131336, PubMed : 33384352, PubMed : 38340717). EIF2S1/eIF2-alpha also acts as an activator of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial damage : phosphorylation by EIF2AK1/HRI promotes relocalization to the mitochondrial surface, thereby triggering PRKN-independent mitophagy (PubMed : 38340717).
See full target information EIF2S1
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