Recombinant Human Frataxin protein (His-tag)

Specifications

Form

Liquid

Additional notes

SDS-PAGE >= 95%

General info

Function

Frataxin mature form. Functions as an activator of persulfide transfer to the scaffoding protein ISCU as component of the core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex and participates to the [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly (PubMed : 12785837, PubMed : 24971490). Accelerates sulfur transfer from NFS1 persulfide intermediate to ISCU and to small thiols such as L-cysteine and glutathione leading to persulfuration of these thiols and ultimately sulfide release (PubMed : 24971490). Binds ferrous ion and is released from FXN upon the addition of both L-cysteine and reduced FDX2 during [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly (PubMed : 29576242). The core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex is involved in the de novo synthesis of a [2Fe-2S] cluster, the first step of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur protein biogenesis. This process is initiated by the cysteine desulfurase complex (NFS1 : LYRM4 : NDUFAB1) that produces persulfide which is delivered on the scaffold protein ISCU in a FXN-dependent manner. Then this complex is stabilized by FDX2 which provides reducing equivalents to accomplish the [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly. Finally, the [2Fe-2S] cluster is transferred from ISCU to chaperone proteins, including HSCB, HSPA9 and GLRX5 (By similarity). May play a role in the protection against iron-catalyzed oxidative stress through its ability to catalyze the oxidation of Fe(2+) to Fe(3+); the oligomeric form but not the monomeric form has in vitro ferroxidase activity (PubMed : 15641778). May be able to store large amounts of iron in the form of a ferrihydrite mineral by oligomerization; however, the physiological relevance is unsure as reports are conflicting and the function has only been shown using heterologous overexpression systems (PubMed : 11823441, PubMed : 12755598). May function as an iron chaperone protein that protects the aconitase [4Fe-4S]2+ cluster from disassembly and promotes enzyme reactivation (PubMed : 15247478). May play a role as a high affinity iron binding partner for FECH that is capable of both delivering iron to ferrochelatase and mediating the terminal step in mitochondrial heme biosynthesis (PubMed : 15123683, PubMed : 16239244).. Extramitochondrial frataxin. Modulates the RNA-binding activity of ACO1 (PubMed : 20053667). May be involved in the cytoplasmic iron-sulfur protein biogenesis (PubMed : 16091420). May contribute to oxidative stress resistance and overall cell survival (PubMed : 16608849).

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the frataxin family.

Post-translational modifications

Processed in two steps by mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP). MPP first cleaves the precursor to intermediate form and subsequently converts the intermediate to yield frataxin mature form (frataxin(81-210)) which is the predominant form (PubMed:21298097). The additional forms, frataxin(56-210) and frataxin(78-210), seem to be produced when the normal maturation process is impaired; their physiological relevance is unsure.

Subcellular localisation

Mitochondrion