Recombinant Human G3BP protein (His tag C-Terminus)

Specifications

Form

Liquid

Additional notes

ab103304 was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

General info

Function

Protein involved in various processes, such as stress granule formation and innate immunity (PubMed : 12642610, PubMed : 20180778, PubMed : 23279204, PubMed : 30510222, PubMed : 30804210). Plays an essential role in stress granule formation (PubMed : 12642610, PubMed : 20180778, PubMed : 23279204, PubMed : 32302570, PubMed : 32302571, PubMed : 32302572, PubMed : 34739333, PubMed : 35977029, PubMed : 36183834, PubMed : 36279435, PubMed : 36692217, PubMed : 37379838). Stress granules are membraneless compartments that store mRNAs and proteins, such as stalled translation pre-initiation complexes, in response to stress (PubMed : 12642610, PubMed : 20180778, PubMed : 23279204, PubMed : 27022092, PubMed : 32302570, PubMed : 32302571, PubMed : 32302572, PubMed : 36279435, PubMed : 37379838). Promotes formation of stress granules phase-separated membraneless compartment by undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) upon unfolded RNA-binding : functions as a molecular switch that triggers RNA-dependent LLPS in response to a rise in intracellular free RNA concentrations (PubMed : 32302570, PubMed : 32302571, PubMed : 32302572, PubMed : 34739333, PubMed : 36279435, PubMed : 36692217). Also acts as an ATP- and magnesium-dependent helicase : unwinds DNA/DNA, RNA/DNA, and RNA/RNA substrates with comparable efficiency (PubMed : 9889278). Acts unidirectionally by moving in the 5' to 3' direction along the bound single-stranded DNA (PubMed : 9889278). Unwinds preferentially partial DNA and RNA duplexes having a 17 bp annealed portion and either a hanging 3' tail or hanging tails at both 5'- and 3'-ends (PubMed : 9889278). Plays an essential role in innate immunity by promoting CGAS and RIGI activity (PubMed : 30510222, PubMed : 30804210). Participates in the DNA-triggered cGAS/STING pathway by promoting the DNA binding and activation of CGAS (PubMed : 30510222). Triggers the condensation of cGAS, a process probably linked to the formation of membrane-less organelles (PubMed : 34779554). Enhances also RIGI-induced type I interferon production probably by helping RIGI at sensing pathogenic RNA (PubMed : 30804210). May also act as a phosphorylation-dependent sequence-specific endoribonuclease in vitro : Cleaves exclusively between cytosine and adenine and cleaves MYC mRNA preferentially at the 3'-UTR (PubMed : 11604510).

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylation of the acidic disordered region regulates stress granule assembly (PubMed:32302571, PubMed:32302572). RASA1-dependent phosphorylation of Ser-149 induces a conformational change that prevents self-association (PubMed:11604510, PubMed:12642610). Dephosphorylation after HRAS activation is required for stress granule assembly (PubMed:11604510, PubMed:12642610). Ser-149 phosphorylation induces partial nuclear localization (PubMed:11604510).. Ubiquitinated by TRIM21 via 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination in the NTF2 domain in response to heat shock, leading to stress granule disassembly: ubiquitination promotes interaction with the FAF2 adapter, followed by interaction with VCP, which extracts G3BP1 from stress granules, leading to stress granule disassembly (PubMed:34739333, PubMed:36692217). In case of prolonged stress, ubiquitination by TRIM21 leads to autophagy-dependent degradation of G3BP1 via recruitment of ubiquitinated G3BP1 by SQSTM1 and/or CALCOCO2 to autophagosomes (PubMed:34739333, PubMed:36692217).. (Microbial infection) Cleaved by human enterovirus 71; this cleavage induces the disassembly of cytoplasmic stress granules (PubMed:30006004). Cleaved by Foot-and-mouth disease virus; this cleavage suppresses the formation of cytoplasmic stress granules (PubMed:30404792).. Arg-435 is dimethylated, probably to asymmetric dimethylarginine.. (Microbial infection) Cleaved by Encephalomyocarditis virus protease 3C; this cleavage suppresses the formation of cytoplasmic stress granules.

Subcellular localisation

Nucleus