Recombinant Human GAMT protein (His tag N-Terminus)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase commonly known as GAMT catalyzes the conversion of guanidinoacetate to creatine through methylation. The enzyme has a molecular mass of approximately 24 kDa. GAMT is expressed in various body tissues with high levels observed in the liver and kidney. The enzyme plays an important role in the synthesis of creatine an important molecule for energy storage and supply in muscle tissues.

Biological function summary

GAMT participates in the final step of creatine biosynthesis. This enzyme acts independently rather than forming part of a larger complex. In the cells creatine serves as an energy buffer predominantly involved in tissues with high and fluctuating energy demands such as muscles and the brain. GAMT's activity ensures a steady supply of creatine which supports cellular energy homeostasis.

Pathways

GAMT plays a significant role in the creatine biosynthesis pathway. This pathway is vital for maintaining the energy balance in cells especially those with a high-energy requirement. GAMT directly interacts with guanidinoacetate as a substrate with S-adenosylmethionine serving as the methyl group donor. Additionally GAMT is connected to the arginine and proline metabolism pathway alongside other enzymes such as arginine-glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) which acts earlier in the creatine biosynthetic pathway.

Mutations or deficiencies in GAMT associate with disorders such as GAMT deficiency which leads to creatine deficiency syndromes. This condition typically results in neurological impairments including developmental delays and cognitive dysfunctions. The disorder also relates to disrupted creatine production in which AGAT and other enzymes within the creatine biosynthetic pathway may contribute to similar phenotypic outcomes. Research into these connections aids in understanding the broader implications of GAMT dysfunction.