Recombinant Human GNRH2 protein

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

GNRH2 also known as Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone 2 is a decapeptide hormone with a molecular mass of approximately 1182 Da. This hormone is expressed in various tissues including the brain reproductive organs and some other peripheral tissues. The gene for GNRH2 is located on human chromosome 20 and it is known to share a similar structure with GNRH1 which is the classical form of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone. Both GNRH1 and GNRH2 play roles in the regulation of reproductive physiology though GNRH2 is less studied than its counterpart.

Biological function summary

GNRH2 is responsible for modulating the release of gonadotropins such as luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland. This process occurs through the binding to specific GNRH receptors found on pituitary cells. GNRH2 is part of a signaling complex that begins with the hypothalamus and continues through the pituitary to influence the function of the gonads. Through this hormonal signaling GNRH2 assists in the control of reproductive functions including maturation ovulation and spermatogenesis.

Pathways

The gonadotropin-releasing pathway is significantly affected by GNRH2. This pathway connects its function to hormonal controls and reproductive development. GNRH2 interacts with other hormones such as estradiol and testosterone which modulate reproductive activities. The GNRH signaling pathway also includes proteins like activin and inhibin which influence the release of gonadotropins and play a role in feedback mechanisms that adjust reproductive processes.

Associated diseases and disorders

GNRH2 has associations with conditions like infertility and certain hormone-sensitive cancers. Alterations in GNRH2 expression or function can impact reproductive capabilities leading to infertility issues. In some cases abnormal GNRH2 activity is involved in the progression of hormone-dependent tumors such as breast or ovarian cancer. These connections also involve proteins like estrogen receptors which interact with GNRH2 to influence cell proliferation and tumor growth in hormone-sensitive tissues.