Recombinant Human HAI-1 Protein Standard (His tag)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

HAI-1 known also as Hepatocyte Growth Factor Activator Inhibitor 1 or SPINT1 is a type 1 transmembrane protein with a molecular mass of around 55 kDa. This protein commonly expresses in epithelial cells particularly in tissues like the stomach and liver. It serves as a serine protease inhibitor playing a role in regulating the activity of certain proteases. Mouse HAI protein comparable in function and structure is often used in research as a model for understanding HAI-1 in humans. Researchers frequently use HAI detectors and HAI-1 ELISA methods for precise quantification and analysis.

Biological function summary

HAI-1 performs a regulatory role by inhibiting proteases such as matriptase and hepsin which are critical for many cellular functions. As part of a complex HAI-1 binds to these proteases controlling their activity to prevent excessive proteolysis which can damage tissues. This regulatory function is key in maintaining epithelial integrity and homeostasis impacting processes like cell growth and migration. Anti-HAI studies show that disrupting this balance can lead to a cascade of biological alterations.

Pathways

Several cellular processes heavily depend on the balance maintained by HAI-1 in protease activity. One significant pathway involves the HGF/c-Met signaling cascade which impacts cell motility and proliferation. By inhibiting matriptase HAI-1 indirectly affects this pathway regulating cellular responses. Additionally HAI-1 also relates to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through controlling proteolytic activity which can influence how cells migrate and differentiate in development or healing.

Deregulation of HAI-1 often links to cancer progression specifically in cases like breast or prostate cancer. In these contexts improper regulation of proteases can lead to enhanced tumor invasiveness and metastasis. HAI-1's interaction with the c-Met receptor pathway facilitated by HGFA illustrates its significant role in cancer biology. Disorders of the liver such as fibrosis also reveal connections where HAI-1 modulation of protease activity affects extracellular matrix turnover implicating HAI-1 in the fibrogenic response alongside proteins like matriptase.