Recombinant Human HIGD1A protein (His-DHFR)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

HIGD1A also known as Hypoxia Inducible Gene Domain Family Member 1A functions as a mitochondrial protein. It weighs approximately 12 kDa. It localizes within the inner mitochondrial membrane where it regulates respiratory chain activity. HIGD1A expresses in multiple tissues with high levels in the brain heart and skeletal muscle. It plays a role in cellular responses to hypoxic stress conditions modulating mitochondrial energy production.

Biological function summary

The protein influences cellular survival during low oxygen levels which makes it essential in the physiological adaptation to hypoxia. HIGD1A integrates into the larger mitochondrial complex IV also known as cytochrome c oxidase. By interacting closely with this complex HIGD1A adjusts mitochondrial output and efficiency thereby impacting the generation of reactive oxygen species and ATP in the cell. This association highlights the protein's role in maintaining metabolic balance.

Pathways

HIGD1A participates importantly in the hypoxia signaling pathway and the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. In the hypoxic condition it stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that play a central role in adapting cellular metabolism. Furthermore HIGD1A works alongside other proteins like NDUFA4 and COX4I1 key components of the electron transport chain. These connections highlight HIGD1A’s role in energy metabolism and stress response pathways.

The protein establishes a relationship with ischemic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases. It shows altered expression in ischemic cardiac and brain tissues suggesting a protective response to hypoxic injury. Specifically changes in HIGD1A expression levels connect to disorders like Alzheimer's disease. In these conditions the interaction with proteins such as APOE may influence disease progression through mechanisms related to cellular energy metabolism and stress response.