Recombinant human IFNA4 protein (Fc Chimera)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The IFNA4 gene encodes a member of the alpha interferon family commonly known as Interferon alpha-4 (IFN-α4). This protein plays an important role in the immune response acting as a signaling molecule that helps regulate the activity of the immune system. IFN-α4 consists of approximately 20 kilodaltons in mass. It is expressed in various tissues but is most abundant in blood cells and at sites of infection or inflammation.

Biological function summary

Interferon alpha-4 engages in antiviral defense mechanisms by binding to specific receptors on the surface of cells triggering a cascade of cellular responses to represent an antiviral state. This state restricts viral replication within host cells. IFN-α4 forms part of a diverse family of cytokines known as type I interferons. These cytokines all share the common mechanism of activating immune responses.

Pathways

The involvement of interferon alpha-4 in the Jak-STAT pathway is significant for transducing signals that lead to the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). It closely interacts with other proteins like STAT1 and STAT2 which play important roles in this signaling cascade. By triggering these pathways IFN-α4 and related proteins contribute to the host's defense against infections.

Associated diseases and disorders

Abnormalities in IFN-α4 expression or function can relate to autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) where excessive interferon activity can damage tissues. Chronic Hepatitis C infection is another condition linked to this protein where altered IFN-α responsiveness complicates viral clearance. IFN-α4's interactions with other cytokines such as IFN-β may also influence the disease states and progression.