Recombinant human IFNW1 protein (His tag)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

IFNW1 also known as interferon omega is a type I interferon with a mass of approximately 23 kDa. Mechanically this protein functions in the immune response by inducing antiviral state in cells. It is expressed in various tissues including immune cells like leukocytes. IFNW1 binds to the specific interferon alpha/beta receptor (IFNAR) to exert its effects. This interaction triggers signaling cascades that activate the transcription of interferon-stimulated genes which are critical in antiviral defense.

Biological function summary

IFNW1 plays important roles in modulating the immune response and controlling viral infections. It is not part of a known protein complex but interacts with IFNAR to activate signaling pathways. It enhances the expression of antiviral proteins and cells' ability to combat pathogen intrusions. Beyond antiviral activity IFNW1 can influence cell differentiation and the immune system's surveillance capabilities ensuring its response against threats is effective.

Pathways

IFNW1 contributes to the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the innate immune response. In the JAK-STAT pathway it activates key proteins such as JAK1 and TYK2 which lead to phosphorylation and activation of STAT proteins. These activated STAT proteins then translocate to the nucleus and promote transcription of genes involved in antiviral defense. IFNW1 shares pathways with other interferons like IFNA and IFNB making it an integral part of the cytokine signaling network that regulates immune function.

IFNW1 has associations with viral infections and autoimmune disorders like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Its role in antiviral defense positions IFNW1 as a target for understanding virus-host interactions that contribute to pathogenesis. In autoimmune disorders like SLE the dysregulation of interferon signaling including that involving IFNW1 links to the aberrant immune activation seen in these conditions. IFNW1's interactions with IFNA and IFNB highlight its involvement in pathways that can drive disease states emphasizing its relevance in disease research and potential therapeutic approaches.