Recombinant human Interferon alpha 1 protein (His tag)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Interferon alpha 1 (IFN-α1) is a type I interferon with significant antiviral and immunomodulatory activities. Alternate names include interferon alpha and IFNA1. This protein weighs approximately 19 kDa and expresses predominantly in leukocytes. It interacts with specific cell surface receptors to initiate various protective mechanisms in the cell. Researchers often study IFN-alpha-1 protein using techniques like interferon alpha ELISA and IFN-α ELISA for its effective quantification in experimental analyses.

Biological function summary

Interferon alpha 1 functions as an important player in the immune response against viral infections. It belongs to a family of cytokines that signal through the JAK-STAT pathway to induce the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). IFN-α1 operates independently and does not form large complexes with other proteins ensuring a focused response to pathogens. This protein's role is critical for the initiation of immune responses and limiting the spread of viruses within the host organism.

Pathways

Interferon alpha 1 activates intracellular signaling cascades mainly the JAK-STAT pathway and NF-κB pathway. These pathways have important roles in cellular defense mechanisms. In the JAK-STAT pathway IFN-α1 interacts closely with other interferons and cytokines to enhance antiviral states. Through these pathways it shares functional relationships with proteins such as STAT1 and IRF7 which are critical for mounting effective antiviral defenses.

Interferon alpha 1 relates closely to conditions like hepatitis C and multiple sclerosis. It has therapeutic applications in these diseases due to its immunoregulatory effects. IFN-α1 interacts with various immune system components including major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins to modulate immune responses. Abnormalities in IFN-α1 signaling or expression can exacerbate inflammatory and autoimmune disorders linking it to both protective and pathological roles in human health.