Recombinant Human MGST1 protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

MGST1 also known as Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase 1 is an enzyme involved in the detoxification pathway. This enzyme has a mass of approximately 17 kDa. MGST1 is expressed in various tissues with strong presence in liver and other tissues rich in endoplasmic reticulum. It also participates in protection against oxidative stress due to its role in conjugating reduced glutathione to a wide variety of hydrophobic electrophiles.

Biological function summary

The enzyme acts to catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to electrophilic compounds which helps in neutralizing harmful substances facilitating their excretion. MGST1 forms a homotrimer complex that enhances its activity and stability. This action is vital in maintaining cellular homeostasis and defending against injury from toxic compounds and oxidative stress.

Pathways

MGST1 significantly contributes to the glutathione metabolism and arachidonic acid pathways. In the glutathione metabolism it interacts with glutathione S-transferase enzymes facilitating detoxification processes in the cell. In the arachidonic acid pathway MGST1 cooperates with other enzymes to modulate the synthesis of key molecules involved in inflammation and cell signaling.

MGST1 is implicated in the development of liver cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Its overexpression or dysregulation can lead to abnormal detoxification processes and oxidative damage contributing to carcinogenesis. In cardiovascular diseases the enzyme's role in oxidative stress links it to endothelial dysfunction. MGST1's interaction with proteins like CYP450 and GSTs highlights its significance in these disease pathways.