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Recombinant Human MLKL protein is a Human Full Length protein, in the 1 to 471 aa range, expressed in Wheat germ and suitable for ELISA, WB.

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Images

SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human MLKL protein (AB153623), expandable thumbnail

Key facts

Expression system

Wheat germ

Tags

GST tag N-Terminus

Applications

ELISA, WB

Biologically active

No

Amino acid sequence

M E N L K H I I T L G Q V I H K R C E E M K Y C K K Q C R R L G H R V L G L I K P L E M L Q D Q G K R S V P S E K L T T A M N R F K A A L E E A N G E I E K F S N R S N I C R F L T A S Q D K I L F K D V N R K L S D V W K E L S L L L Q V E Q R M P V S P I S Q G A S W A Q E D Q Q D A D E D R R A F Q M L R R D N E K I E A S L R R L E I N M K E I K E T L R Q Y L P P K C M Q E I P Q E Q I K E I K K E Q L S G S P W I L L R E N E V S T L Y K G E Y H R A P V A I K V F K K L Q A G S I A I V R Q T F N K E I K T M K K F E S P N I L R I F G I C I D E T V T P P Q F S I V M E Y C E L G T L R E L L D R E K D L T L G K R M V L V L G A A R G L Y R L H H S E A P E L H G K I R S S N F L V T Q G Y Q V K L A G F E L R K T Q T S M S L G T T R E K T D R V K S T A Y L S P Q E L E D V F Y Q Y D V K S E I Y S F G I V L W E I A T G D I P F Q G C N S E K I R K L V A V K R Q Q E P L G E D C P S E L R E I I D E C R A H D P S V R P S V D E I L K K L S T F S K

Reactivity data

Application

ELISA

Reactivity

Reacts

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Application

WB

Reactivity

Reacts

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Associated Products

Select an associated product type

3 products for Alternative Product

Target data

Function

Pseudokinase that plays a key role in TNF-induced necroptosis, a programmed cell death process (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:22265414, PubMed:22421439, PubMed:24316671). Does not have protein kinase activity (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:22265414, PubMed:22421439, PubMed:24316671). Activated following phosphorylation by RIPK3, leading to homotrimerization, localization to the plasma membrane and execution of programmed necrosis characterized by calcium influx and plasma membrane damage (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:22265414, PubMed:22421439, PubMed:24316671). In addition to TNF-induced necroptosis, necroptosis can also take place in the nucleus in response to orthomyxoviruses infection: following activation by ZBP1, MLKL is phosphorylated by RIPK3 in the nucleus, triggering disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol.following ZBP1 activation, which senses double-stranded Z-RNA structures, nuclear RIPK3 catalyzes phosphorylation and activation of MLKL, promoting disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol (By similarity). Binds to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates such as inositolhexakisphosphate (InsP6) which is essential for its necroptotic function (PubMed:29883610).

Alternative names

Recommended products

Recombinant Human MLKL protein is a Human Full Length protein, in the 1 to 471 aa range, expressed in Wheat germ and suitable for ELISA, WB.

Key facts

Expression system

Wheat germ

Applications

ELISA, WB

Accession
Q8NB16-1
Animal free

No

Species

Human

Concentration
Loading...
Storage buffer

pH: 8
Constituents: 0.79% Tris HCl, 0.31% Glutathione

Sequence info

Amino acid sequence

M E N L K H I I T L G Q V I H K R C E E M K Y C K K Q C R R L G H R V L G L I K P L E M L Q D Q G K R S V P S E K L T T A M N R F K A A L E E A N G E I E K F S N R S N I C R F L T A S Q D K I L F K D V N R K L S D V W K E L S L L L Q V E Q R M P V S P I S Q G A S W A Q E D Q Q D A D E D R R A F Q M L R R D N E K I E A S L R R L E I N M K E I K E T L R Q Y L P P K C M Q E I P Q E Q I K E I K K E Q L S G S P W I L L R E N E V S T L Y K G E Y H R A P V A I K V F K K L Q A G S I A I V R Q T F N K E I K T M K K F E S P N I L R I F G I C I D E T V T P P Q F S I V M E Y C E L G T L R E L L D R E K D L T L G K R M V L V L G A A R G L Y R L H H S E A P E L H G K I R S S N F L V T Q G Y Q V K L A G F E L R K T Q T S M S L G T T R E K T D R V K S T A Y L S P Q E L E D V F Y Q Y D V K S E I Y S F G I V L W E I A T G D I P F Q G C N S E K I R K L V A V K R Q Q E P L G E D C P S E L R E I I D E C R A H D P S V R P S V D E I L K K L S T F S K

Accession

Q8NB16

Protein length

Full Length

Amino acids

1 to 471

Nature

Recombinant

Tags

GST tag N-Terminus

Specifications

Form

Liquid

General info

Function

Pseudokinase that plays a key role in TNF-induced necroptosis, a programmed cell death process (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:22265414, PubMed:22421439, PubMed:24316671). Does not have protein kinase activity (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:22265414, PubMed:22421439, PubMed:24316671). Activated following phosphorylation by RIPK3, leading to homotrimerization, localization to the plasma membrane and execution of programmed necrosis characterized by calcium influx and plasma membrane damage (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:22265414, PubMed:22421439, PubMed:24316671). In addition to TNF-induced necroptosis, necroptosis can also take place in the nucleus in response to orthomyxoviruses infection: following activation by ZBP1, MLKL is phosphorylated by RIPK3 in the nucleus, triggering disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol.following ZBP1 activation, which senses double-stranded Z-RNA structures, nuclear RIPK3 catalyzes phosphorylation and activation of MLKL, promoting disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol (By similarity). Binds to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates such as inositolhexakisphosphate (InsP6) which is essential for its necroptotic function (PubMed:29883610).

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.

Post-translational modifications

Phosphorylation by RIPK3 induces a conformational switch that is required for necroptosis (PubMed:22265413). It also induces homotrimerization and localization to the plasma membrane (PubMed:22265413).

Subcellular localisation

Nucleus

Storage

Shipped at conditions

Dry Ice

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

-80°C

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

-80°C

Aliquoting information

Upon delivery aliquot

Storage information

Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Notes

U+00A0;

U+00A0;

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

MLKL also known as mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein plays a critical role in the process of necroptosis a form of programmed cell death. The MLKL protein has a molecular weight of approximately 54 kDa. The protein exists mainly within the cytoplasm but translocates to the plasma membrane during cell death execution. Expression of MLKL happens in various tissues indicating its wide biological importance. Phosphorylation of MLKL often referred to as p-MLKL is key to triggering its activity marking the transition from an inactive to an active state during necroptosis.

Biological function summary

The MLKL protein acts as an executioner of cell death by forming a complex that disrupts the plasma membrane integrity. This process is downstream of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) which phosphorylates MLKL to form the active necrosome complex. Active MLKL oligomerizes and migrates towards the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane binding to phosphatidylinositol phosphates which assists in pore formation and cellular rupture. The ability to measure MLKL activity levels such as via MLKL ELISA kits is important for understanding necrotic processes in detailed studies.

Pathways

MLKL is integrally involved in the necroptotic pathway alongside RIPK1 and RIPK3 which are key initiators of necroptosis. Phosphorylated MLKL acts downstream of RIPK3 resulting in cell death without caspase activation distinguishing necroptosis from apoptosis. MLKL and RIPK3 are tightly linked within this pathway with MLKL phosphorylation serving as a vital event for the execution phase. The necroptosis pathway is part of larger networks including inflammatory response pathways highlighting the importance of MLKL's role beyond sheer cell death.

Associated diseases and disorders

MLKL has been implicated in various inflammatory conditions and neurodegenerative diseases. The dysregulation of necroptosis can contribute to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In inflammatory bowel disease increased levels of p-MLKL might lead to excessive cell death exacerbating inflammation. Similarly in neurodegenerative disorders the harmful activation of MLKL may accelerate neuronal cell death. Key interactions with proteins like RIPK3 and RIPK1 highlight MLKL's involvement in these pathological processes making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention.

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1 product image

  • SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human MLKL protein (ab153623), expandable thumbnail

    SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human MLKL protein (ab153623)

    ab153623 on a 12.5% SDS-PAGE stained with Coomassie Blue.

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