Recombinant Human OAS1 protein

Specifications

Form

Liquid

Additional notes

ab87759 is purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

General info

Function

Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response (PubMed : 34581622). In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication (PubMed : 34145065, PubMed : 34581622). Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. The secreted form displays antiviral effect against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and stimulates the alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L.. Isoform p46. When prenylated at C-terminal, acts as a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensor specifically targeted to membranous replicative organelles in SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 infected cells where it binds to dsRNA structures in the SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR and initiates a potent block to SARS-CoV-2 replication. Recognizes short stretches of dsRNA and activates RNase L. The binding is remarkably specific, with two conserved stem loops in the SARS-CoV-2 5'- untranslated region (UTR) constituting the principal viral target (PubMed : 34581622). The same mechanism is necessary to initiate a block to cardiovirus EMCV (PubMed : 34581622).. Isoform p42. Not prenylated at C-terminal, is diffusely localized and unable to initiate a detectable block to SARS-CoV-2 replication.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the 2-5A synthase family.

Post-translational modifications

Isoform p46. Prenylated at C-terminal. C-terminal prenylation is necessary to initiate a block to SARS-CoV-2 and is associated with protection from severe COVID-1. The prenylated form is targeted to perinuclear structures rich in viral dsRNA, whereas the non-prenylated form is diffusely localized and unable to initiate a detectable block to SARS-CoV-2 replication (Probable). C-terminal prenylation is also necessary to initiate a block to cardiovirus EMCV (Probable).. Isoform p42. Not prenylated at C-terminal. The non-prenylated form is diffusely localized and unable to initiate a detectable block to SARS-CoV-2 replication.

Subcellular localisation

Mitochondrion