Recombinant Human Oxytocin-neurophysin 1 protein (Tagged)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Oxytocin-neurophysin 1 also known as prepro-oxytocin-neurophysin I is a precursor protein with a molecular weight of approximately 20 kDa. This protein is expressed primarily in the hypothalamus and is involved in the synthesis and storage of the hormone oxytocin a peptide essential for various physiological processes. During synthesis the protein undergoes cleavage to separate oxytocin and neurophysin 1 a carrier protein that aids in the transport and stabilization of oxytocin in neurosecretory granules.

Biological function summary

Oxytocin-neurophysin 1 plays an important role in the regulation of social behaviors reproductive functions and fluid homeostasis. This precursor is not part of a larger protein complex but neurophysin 1 serves as an essential carrier that binds and transports oxytocin to its target sites in the body. Oxytocin itself functions as a neuromodulator and hormone exerting effects on the uterine muscles and mammary glands promoting childbirth and lactation.

Pathways

The biosynthesis and release of oxytocin-neurophysin 1 are closely associated with the hypothalamic neurosecretory pathways. These pathways involve the neurohypophysis where oxytocin is released into the bloodstream. Additionally oxytocin interacts with the G-protein-coupled receptor OXTR to elicit its physiological effects. V1a and V2 receptors alongside oxytocin play roles in various signaling pathways that affect metabolic and cardiovascular functions.

Dysregulation of oxytocin-neurophysin 1 has been linked to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and autism spectrum disorders. In these conditions altered levels of oxytocin affect fluid balance and social behavior. Additionally changes in oxytocin levels often in tandem with altered vasopressin regulation associate with the development and exacerbation of these disorders.