Recombinant Human PD-L1 Protein Standard (His tag) is a Human Fragment protein, expressed in HEK 293, with >=80% purity and suitable for sELISA, SDS-PAGE.
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Key facts
- Purity
- >=80% SDS-PAGE
- Expression system
- HEK 293 cells
- Tags
- His tag C-Terminus
- Applications
- sELISA, SDS-PAGE
- Biologically active
- No
Reactivity data
| Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Application sELISA | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Application SDS-PAGE | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Target data
Function
Plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self (PubMed:11015443, PubMed:28813410, PubMed:28813417, PubMed:31399419). As a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1, modulates the activation threshold of T-cells and limits T-cell effector response (PubMed:11015443, PubMed:28813410, PubMed:28813417, PubMed:36727298). Through a yet unknown activating receptor, may costimulate T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10) (PubMed:10581077). Can also act as a transcription coactivator: in response to hypoxia, translocates into the nucleus via its interaction with phosphorylated STAT3 and promotes transcription of GSDMC, leading to pyroptosis (PubMed:32929201). The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival (PubMed:28813410, PubMed:28813417). The interaction with PDCD1/PD-1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function (By similarity). The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy (By similarity).
Alternative names
CD274, B7H1, PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG1, PDL1, Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1, PD-L1, PDCD1 ligand 1, Programmed death ligand 1, hPD-L1, B7 homolog 1, B7-H1
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Recombinant Human PD-L1 Protein Standard (His tag) is a Human Fragment protein, expressed in HEK 293, with >=80% purity and suitable for sELISA, SDS-PAGE.
Key facts
- Purity
- >=80% SDS-PAGE
- Expression system
- HEK 293 cells
- Tags
- His tag C-Terminus
- Applications
- sELISA, SDS-PAGE
- Biologically active
- No
- Accession
- Q9NZQ7-1
- Animal free
- Yes
- Species
- Human
- Concentration
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.3 - 7.5
Constituents: 2.922% Sodium chloride, 0.64107% disodium;hydrogen phosphate;dodecahydrate, 0.02858% Potassium phosphate monobasic
Sequence info
Amino acid sequence
- Accession
- Q9NZQ7
- Protein length
- Fragment
- Predicted molecular weight
- 26.7 kDa
- Nature
- Recombinant
- Tags
- His tag C-Terminus
Specifications
- Form
- Liquid
General info
- Function
Plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self (PubMed:11015443, PubMed:28813410, PubMed:28813417, PubMed:31399419). As a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1, modulates the activation threshold of T-cells and limits T-cell effector response (PubMed:11015443, PubMed:28813410, PubMed:28813417, PubMed:36727298). Through a yet unknown activating receptor, may costimulate T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10) (PubMed:10581077). Can also act as a transcription coactivator: in response to hypoxia, translocates into the nucleus via its interaction with phosphorylated STAT3 and promotes transcription of GSDMC, leading to pyroptosis (PubMed:32929201).
- Sequence similarities
Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. BTN/MOG family.
- Post-translational modifications
Ubiquitinated; STUB1 likely mediates polyubiquitination of PD-L1/CD274 triggering its degradation (PubMed:28813410). Ubiquitinated by MARCHF8; leading to degradation (PubMed:34183449). Deubiquitinated by USP22; leading to stabilization (PubMed:31399419).
- Subcellular localisation
- Early endosome membrane, Recycling endosome membrane
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Dry Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- -80°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -80°C
- Aliquoting information
- Upon delivery aliquot
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Notes
While the standard is the same as the one provided in the corresponding SimpleStep ELISA Kit, it cannot be treated as the consumable provided with our SimpleStep ELISA Kit due to differences in its concentration calibration.
Abcam guarantee that this protein standard is suitable for use in a sandwich ELISA. Individual results may vary due to differences in technique, laboratory equipment, buffers, and other experimental factors. The detection range provided for this protein standard is based on initial sandwich ELISA validation data.
The protein concentration is the concentration after validation on our sandwich ELISA platform. This Standard protein is guaranteed to work with our Capture and Detector antibodies in sELISA. Please contact our Scientific Support team to know which antibody pair is suitable for this protein.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
PD-L1 also known as Programmed Death-Ligand 1 or CD274 is a protein involved in immune modulation. Mechanically PD-L1 interacts with its receptors particularly PD-1 to regulate cellular immune responses. This transmembrane protein has a calculated molecular weight of approximately 33 kDa. PD-L1 is expressed on various cell types including tumor cells and immune cells such as dendritic cells macrophages and B cells. Its expression is often upregulated in response to inflammatory cytokines.
- Biological function summary
PD-L1 plays a central role in immune evasion mechanisms utilized by tumors. It is not part of a larger protein complex but directly interacts with PD-1 and CD80. When PD-L1 binds to PD-1 it sends inhibitory signals leading to decreased T cell activation and proliferation allowing cancer cells to avoid immune destruction. PD-L1 expression provides a mechanism for tumors to suppress immune surveillance facilitating tumor progression.
- Pathways
PD-L1 is integral to the immune checkpoint pathway which is an important regulator of immune response. The interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 provides a mechanism for immune tolerance which is part of the broader adaptive immune system pathway. PD-L1 is related to other immune checkpoint proteins such as CTLA-4 in its function to limit autoreactivity and promote immune homeostasis.
- Associated diseases and disorders
PD-L1 is most associated with cancer particularly in tumors such as melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. PD-L1 expression on tumor cells often correlates with poor prognosis. PD-L1 directly interacts with PD-1 in these cancers a target for immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibitors which aim to block this interaction and restore immune activity against tumors. PD-L1 involvement extends to autoimmune disorders where altered expression can impact tolerance and lead to immune-related tissue damage.
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2 product images
SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human PD-L1 Protein Standard (His tag) (ab316377)
SDS-PAGE analysis of ab316377
Sandwich ELISA - Recombinant Human PD-L1 Protein Standard (His tag) (ab316377)
Sandwich ELISA with the capture antibody dilution at 2 ug/mL and detector antibody dilution at 0.5 ug/mL.
Downloads
Product protocols
- Visit the general protocols
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