Recombinant Human PLVAP/PV-1 protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

PLVAP also known as PV-1 is a transmembrane protein that plays a significant role in organizing the stomatal and fenestral diaphragms of endothelial cells. It weighs approximately 60 kDa. This protein is mainly expressed in fenestrated capillaries and sinusoidal endothelium where it forms diaphragms and contributes to the permeability and ultrastructure of capillary beds. PLVAP's role in endothelial cells highlights its importance in maintaining vascular permeability and cellular structures.

Biological function summary

The functions of PLVAP are significant in maintaining an organized structure within endothelial cells. It forms part of the complex structure that comprises the diaphragms of endothelial fenestrae transendothelial channels and caveolae. These structures are necessary for regulating fluid exchange and molecular transport between blood and tissue. The presence of PLVAP at these sites signals its role in modulating vascular barrier functions essential for efficient blood-tissue communication.

Pathways

Researchers have identified PLVAP's involvement in important vascular and endothelial pathways. It plays a critical part in the VEGF signaling pathway which regulates vascular permeability and endothelial cell behavior. PLVAP is closely associated with other proteins like VE-cadherin and claudin-5 that ensure cohesion and permeability in endothelial cells. In pathways regulating vascular permeability PLVAP's presence helps mediate fluid exchange and maintain tissue homeostasis.

PLVAP associates with conditions involving vascular dysregulation. Hypo- or hyper-expression of PLVAP can relate to the pathogenesis of cancer and inflammatory diseases. In cancer changes in PLVAP expression might contribute to altered tumor vasculature and metastasis often in association with proteins like VEGF and VEGFR-2. Furthermore inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis see changes in the protein expression levels that might disrupt vascular integrity linking them with proteins involved in inflammatory responses like ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.