Recombinant Human POLG protein is a Human Full Length protein, in the 2 to 1239 aa range, expressed in Baculovirus infected Sf9, with >=81% purity and suitable for SDS-PAGE.
Images
Key facts
- Purity
- >=81% SDS-PAGE
- Expression system
- Baculovirus infected Sf9 cells
- Tags
- DDDDK tag N-Terminus His tag N-Terminus
- Applications
- SDS-PAGE
- Biologically active
- No
Amino acid sequence
M H H H H H H D Y K D D D D K S R L L W R K V A G A T V G P G P V P A P G R W V S S S V P A S D P S D G Q R R R Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q P Q Q P Q V L S S E G G Q L R H N P L D I Q M L S R G L H E Q I F G Q G G E M P G E A A V R R S V E H L Q K H G L W G Q P A V P L P D V E L R L P P L Y G D N L D Q H F R L L A Q K Q S L P Y L E A A N L L L Q A Q L P P K P P A W A W A E G W T R Y G P E G E A V P V A I P E E R A L V F D V E V C L A E G T C P T L A V A I S P S A W Y S W C S Q R L V E E R Y S W T S Q L S P A D L I P L E V P T G A S S P T Q R D W Q E Q L V V G H N V S F D R A H I R E Q Y L I Q G S R M R F L D T M S M H M A I S G L S S F Q R S L W I A A K Q G K H K V Q P P T K Q G Q K S Q R K A R R G P A I S S W D W L D I S S V N S L A E V H R L Y V G G P P L E K E P R E L F V K G T M K D I R E N F Q D L M Q Y C A Q D V W A T H E V F Q Q Q L P L F L E R C P H P V T L A G M L E M G V S Y L P V N Q N W E R Y L A E A Q G T Y E E L Q R E M K K S L M D L A N D A C Q L L S G E R Y K E D P W L W D L E W D L Q E F K Q K K A K K V K K E P A T A S K L P I E G A G A P G D P M D Q E D L G P C S E E E E F Q Q D V M A R A C L Q K L K G T T E L L P K R P Q H L P G H P G W Y R K L C P R L D D P A W T P G P S L L S L Q M R V T P K L M A L T W D G F P L H Y S E R H G W G Y L V P G R R D N L A K L P T G T T L E S A G V V C P Y R A I E S L Y R K H C L E Q G K Q Q L M P Q E A G L A E E F L L T D N S A I W Q T V E E L D Y L E V E A E A K M E N L R A A V P G Q P L A L T A R G G P K D T Q P S Y H H G N G P Y N D V D I P G C W F F K L P H K D G N S C N V G S P F A K D F L P K M E D G T L Q A G P G G A S G P R A L E I N K M I S F W R N A H K R I S S Q M V V W L P R S A L P R A V I R H P D Y D E E G L Y G A I L P Q V V T A G T I T R R A V E P T W L T A S N A R P D R V G S E L K A M V Q A P P G Y T L V G A D V D S Q E L W I A A V L G D A H F A G M H G C T A F G W M T L Q G R K S R G T D L H S K T A T T V G I S R E H A K I F N Y G R I Y G A G Q P F A E R L L M Q F N H R L T Q Q E A A E K A Q Q M Y A A T K G L R W Y R L S D E G E W L V R E L N L P V D R T E G G W I S L Q D L R K V Q R E T A R K S Q W K K W E V V A E R A W K G G T E S E M F N K L E S I A T S D I P R T P V L G C C I S R A L E P S A V Q E E F M T S R V N W V V Q S S A V D Y L H L M L V A M K W L F E E F A I D G R F C I S I H D E V R Y L V R E E D R Y R A A L A L Q I T N L L T R C M F A Y K L G L N D L P Q S V A F F S A V D I D R C L R K E V T M D C K T P S N P T G M E R R Y G I P Q G E A L D I Y Q I I E L T K G S L E K R S Q P G P
Reactivity data
| Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Application SDS-PAGE | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Target data
Function
Catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase gamma solely responsible for replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Replicates both heavy and light strands of the circular mtDNA genome using a single-stranded DNA template, RNA primers and the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates (PubMed:11477093, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15917273, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:9558343). Has 5' -> 3' polymerase activity. Functionally interacts with TWNK and SSBP1 at the replication fork to form a highly processive replisome, where TWNK unwinds the double-stranded DNA template prior to replication and SSBP1 covers the parental heavy strand to enable continuous replication of the entire mitochondrial genome. A single nucleotide incorporation cycle includes binding of the incoming nucleotide at the insertion site, a phosphodiester bond formation reaction that extends the 3'-end of the primer DNA, and translocation of the primer terminus to the post-insertion site. After completing replication of a mtDNA strand, mediates 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic degradation at the nick to enable proper ligation (PubMed:11477093, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15167897, PubMed:15917273, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:26095671, PubMed:9558343). Highly accurate due to high nucleotide selectivity and 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic proofreading. Proficiently corrects base substitutions, single-base additions and deletions in non-repetitive sequences and short repeats, but displays lower proofreading activity when replicating longer homopolymeric stretches. Exerts exonuclease activity toward single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA containing 3'-terminal mispairs. When a misincorporation occurs, transitions from replication to a pro-nucleolytic editing mode and removes the missincorporated nucleoside in the exonuclease active site. Proceeds via an SN2 nucleolytic mechanism in which Asp-198 catalyzes phosphodiester bond hydrolysis and Glu-200 stabilizes the leaving group. As a result the primer strand becomes one nucleotide shorter and is positioned in the post-insertion site, ready to resume DNA synthesis (PubMed:10827171, PubMed:11477094, PubMed:11504725, PubMed:37202477). Exerts 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (dRP) lyase activity and mediates repair-associated mtDNA synthesis (gap filling) in base-excision repair pathway. Catalyzes the release of the 5'-terminal 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate sugar moiety from incised apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites to produce a substrate for DNA ligase. The dRP lyase reaction does not require divalent metal ions and likely proceeds via a Schiff base intermediate in a beta-elimination reaction mechanism (PubMed:9770471).
Alternative names
MDP1, POLG1, POLGA, POLG, DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1, 3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease, 5'-deoxyribose-phosphate lyase, Mitochondrial DNA polymerase catalytic subunit, PolG-alpha
Recommended products
Recombinant Human POLG protein is a Human Full Length protein, in the 2 to 1239 aa range, expressed in Baculovirus infected Sf9, with >=81% purity and suitable for SDS-PAGE.
Key facts
- Purity
- >=81% SDS-PAGE
- Expression system
- Baculovirus infected Sf9 cells
- Tags
- DDDDK tag N-Terminus His tag N-Terminus
- Applications
- SDS-PAGE
- Biologically active
- No
- Accession
- P54098-1
- Animal free
- No
- Species
- Human
- Concentration
- Storage buffer
pH: 8
Constituents: 20% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.64% Sodium chloride, 0.63% Tris HCl, 0.04% Sorbitan monolaurate, ethoxylated, 0.02% Potassium chloride
Sequence info
Amino acid sequence
- M H H H H H H D Y K D D D D K S R L L W R K V A G A T V G P G P V P A P G R W V S S S V P A S D P S D G Q R R R Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q P Q Q P Q V L S S E G G Q L R H N P L D I Q M L S R G L H E Q I F G Q G G E M P G E A A V R R S V E H L Q K H G L W G Q P A V P L P D V E L R L P P L Y G D N L D Q H F R L L A Q K Q S L P Y L E A A N L L L Q A Q L P P K P P A W A W A E G W T R Y G P E G E A V P V A I P E E R A L V F D V E V C L A E G T C P T L A V A I S P S A W Y S W C S Q R L V E E R Y S W T S Q L S P A D L I P L E V P T G A S S P T Q R D W Q E Q L V V G H N V S F D R A H I R E Q Y L I Q G S R M R F L D T M S M H M A I S G L S S F Q R S L W I A A K Q G K H K V Q P P T K Q G Q K S Q R K A R R G P A I S S W D W L D I S S V N S L A E V H R L Y V G G P P L E K E P R E L F V K G T M K D I R E N F Q D L M Q Y C A Q D V W A T H E V F Q Q Q L P L F L E R C P H P V T L A G M L E M G V S Y L P V N Q N W E R Y L A E A Q G T Y E E L Q R E M K K S L M D L A N D A C Q L L S G E R Y K E D P W L W D L E W D L Q E F K Q K K A K K V K K E P A T A S K L P I E G A G A P G D P M D Q E D L G P C S E E E E F Q Q D V M A R A C L Q K L K G T T E L L P K R P Q H L P G H P G W Y R K L C P R L D D P A W T P G P S L L S L Q M R V T P K L M A L T W D G F P L H Y S E R H G W G Y L V P G R R D N L A K L P T G T T L E S A G V V C P Y R A I E S L Y R K H C L E Q G K Q Q L M P Q E A G L A E E F L L T D N S A I W Q T V E E L D Y L E V E A E A K M E N L R A A V P G Q P L A L T A R G G P K D T Q P S Y H H G N G P Y N D V D I P G C W F F K L P H K D G N S C N V G S P F A K D F L P K M E D G T L Q A G P G G A S G P R A L E I N K M I S F W R N A H K R I S S Q M V V W L P R S A L P R A V I R H P D Y D E E G L Y G A I L P Q V V T A G T I T R R A V E P T W L T A S N A R P D R V G S E L K A M V Q A P P G Y T L V G A D V D S Q E L W I A A V L G D A H F A G M H G C T A F G W M T L Q G R K S R G T D L H S K T A T T V G I S R E H A K I F N Y G R I Y G A G Q P F A E R L L M Q F N H R L T Q Q E A A E K A Q Q M Y A A T K G L R W Y R L S D E G E W L V R E L N L P V D R T E G G W I S L Q D L R K V Q R E T A R K S Q W K K W E V V A E R A W K G G T E S E M F N K L E S I A T S D I P R T P V L G C C I S R A L E P S A V Q E E F M T S R V N W V V Q S S A V D Y L H L M L V A M K W L F E E F A I D G R F C I S I H D E V R Y L V R E E D R Y R A A L A L Q I T N L L T R C M F A Y K L G L N D L P Q S V A F F S A V D I D R C L R K E V T M D C K T P S N P T G M E R R Y G I P Q G E A L D I Y Q I I E L T K G S L E K R S Q P G P
- Accession
- P54098
- Protein length
- Full Length
- Predicted molecular weight
- 141 kDa
- Amino acids
- 2 to 1239
- Nature
- Recombinant
- Tags
- DDDDK tag N-Terminus, His tag N-Terminus
Specifications
- Form
- Liquid
- Additional notes
Affinity purified.
General info
- Function
Catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase gamma solely responsible for replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Replicates both heavy and light strands of the circular mtDNA genome using a single-stranded DNA template, RNA primers and the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates (PubMed:11477093, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15917273, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:9558343). Has 5' -> 3' polymerase activity. Functionally interacts with TWNK and SSBP1 at the replication fork to form a highly processive replisome, where TWNK unwinds the double-stranded DNA template prior to replication and SSBP1 covers the parental heavy strand to enable continuous replication of the entire mitochondrial genome. A single nucleotide incorporation cycle includes binding of the incoming nucleotide at the insertion site, a phosphodiester bond formation reaction that extends the 3'-end of the primer DNA, and translocation of the primer terminus to the post-insertion site. After completing replication of a mtDNA strand, mediates 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic degradation at the nick to enable proper ligation (PubMed:11477093, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15167897, PubMed:15917273, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:26095671, PubMed:9558343). Highly accurate due to high nucleotide selectivity and 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic proofreading. Proficiently corrects base substitutions, single-base additions and deletions in non-repetitive sequences and short repeats, but displays lower proofreading activity when replicating longer homopolymeric stretches. Exerts exonuclease activity toward single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA containing 3'-terminal mispairs. When a misincorporation occurs, transitions from replication to a pro-nucleolytic editing mode and removes the missincorporated nucleoside in the exonuclease active site. Proceeds via an SN2 nucleolytic mechanism in which Asp-198 catalyzes phosphodiester bond hydrolysis and Glu-200 stabilizes the leaving group. As a result the primer strand becomes one nucleotide shorter and is positioned in the post-insertion site, ready to resume DNA synthesis (PubMed:10827171, PubMed:11477094, PubMed:11504725, PubMed:37202477). Exerts 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (dRP) lyase activity and mediates repair-associated mtDNA synthesis (gap filling) in base-excision repair pathway. Catalyzes the release of the 5'-terminal 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate sugar moiety from incised apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites to produce a substrate for DNA ligase. The dRP lyase reaction does not require divalent metal ions and likely proceeds via a Schiff base intermediate in a beta-elimination reaction mechanism (PubMed:9770471).
- Sequence similarities
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-A family.
- Subcellular localisation
- Mitochondrion, Mitochondrion matrix, Mitochondrion nucleoid
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Dry Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- -80°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -80°C
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Notes
This product was previously labelled as DNA Polymerase gamma
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
POLG also known as DNA polymerase gamma is an enzyme essential for mitochondrial DNA replication and repair. It is composed of a catalytic subunit with approximately 140 kDa mass. This protein is mainly expressed in tissues with high energy demands such as liver heart and skeletal muscles. POLG functions by synthesizing the leading and lagging strands during mitochondrial DNA replication ensuring mitochondrial DNA integrity.
- Biological function summary
DNA polymerase gamma plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial genomes. This protein operates within a complex called the POLG complex which is vital for mitochondrial DNA replication machinery. The catalytic subunit works alongside two accessory subunits that enhance its processivity and accuracy during DNA synthesis. Mutations in POLG can impair mitochondrial DNA replication leading to mitochondrial dysfunction.
- Pathways
POLG is integral in the mitochondrial DNA replication and repair pathways. It is closely linked with the pathways ensuring mitochondrial gene expression and energy production. POLG acts in concert with mitochondrial DNA helicase TWINKLE and mitochondrial single-stranded DNA binding protein (mtSSB) both contributing to the replication fork activity and stability. POLG's role ensures proper mitochondrial function and consequently cellular energy homeostasis.
- Associated diseases and disorders
POLG mutations have been associated with diverse mitochondrial disorders including Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome and progressive external ophthalmoplegia. POLG-related disorders often result from impaired mitochondrial DNA replication leading to energy deficits in cells. In particular mutations affecting the POLG complex's performance can influence the onset of these conditions sometimes involving interactions with other proteins like TWINKLE and mtSSB which further complicate the mitochondrial dysfunction seen in such diseases.
Product promise
We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.
In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.
Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.
1 product image
SDS-PAGE - Recombinant Human POLG protein (ab196066)
SDS-PAGE analysis of 1.3 μg ab196066 using 4-20 % SDS-PAGE gel and stained with Coomassie.
Downloads
Product protocols
- Visit the general protocols
- Visit troubleshooting
Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.
For licensing inquiries, please contact partnerships@abcam.com