Recombinant Human Prostaglandin D Synthase (hematopoietic) protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Prostaglandin D Synthase also known as hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (HPGDS) is an enzyme with a mass of approximately 26 kDa. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin D2. It is highly expressed in hematopoietic tissues like spleen and bone marrow and also in mast cells. Besides its presence in those tissues this enzyme is also found in the brain exhibiting cerebral localization in the leptomeninges and choroid plexus.

Biological function summary

Prostaglandin D synthase functions as part of the prostaglandin synthesis pathway which plays a significant role in the regulation of sleep inflammation and fever. It acts independently rather than being part of a larger protein complex. The enzyme's activity modulates the levels of prostaglandin D2 a lipid compound involved in various physiological processes such as smooth muscle contraction and inhibition of platelet aggregation.

Pathways

This enzyme holds an important position in the arachidonic acid metabolism and inflammatory response pathways. It produces prostaglandin D2 which acts as an autocrine and paracrine mediator. The pathway involves enzymes like cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) which are involved upstream of prostaglandin D synthase in the synthesis of prostaglandin H2. This connection places prostaglandin D synthase as a downstream target for regulatory mechanisms involving cyclooxygenase enzymes.

Prostaglandin D synthase is associated with disorders related to inflammation such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Prostaglandin D2 produced by this enzyme plays a role in allergic reactions and inflammation leading to conditions like asthma. In rheumatoid arthritis the enzyme's product mediates inflammatory responses in joints. Other proteins such as COX enzymes mentioned earlier are involved in these disease mechanisms with COX inhibitors often used as treatment to alleviate symptoms by reducing prostaglandin synthesis.