Recombinant Human PTPRM protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

PTPRM also known as Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type M or RPTPmu is a transmembrane protein that acts mechanically by dephosphorylating tyrosine residues on target proteins. This protein weighs approximately 155 kDa. PTPRM displays expression mainly in the brain and epithelial tissues. It is comprised of an extracellular segment a transmembrane domain and an intracellular segment with catalytic activity. Its role involves facilitating cell-cell adhesion through homophilic interactions significantly impacting signaling events that regulate cellular processes.

Biological function summary

Within the human cells PTPRM plays a vital role in controlling cell adhesion migration and signaling. As part of the leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR) phosphatase family this protein collaborates with other proteins to modulate cellular junction integrity and movement. The extracellular domain of PTPRM participates in cellular communication while its intracellular catalytic property dephosphorylates signaling molecules to fine-tune cellular responses. These activities highlight its importance in maintaining tissue organization and signaling networks.

Pathways

PTPRM is involved in the regulation of the cadherin signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. Through its interactions it modulates E-cadherin-mediated adhesion complexes where it cooperates closely with proteins like β-catenin to regulate adhesion strength and cell position. Additionally PTPRM influences the MAPK signaling cascade affecting cell proliferation and differentiation processes. By fine-tuning these pathways PTPRM plays a significant role in ensuring normal cellular function and communication.

Mutations or dysregulations in PTPRM can be associated with cancer particularly colorectal carcinoma and neurological disorders like epilepsy. In colorectal cancer PTPRM's interaction with E-cadherin is particularly affected influencing tumor growth and metastasis. In neurological pathways PTPRM's regulation of signaling proteins like SRC can play significant roles. Alterations in these pathways may lead to abnormal neuronal signaling implicated in epilepsy highlighting the importance of PTPRM in maintaining healthy cellular function and preventing disease.