Recombinant Human SAT2 protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

SAT2 also known as SLC38A2 is a sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter. This protein has a mass of approximately 56 kDa. SAT2 is mainly expressed in the brain and skeletal muscles but also appears in other tissues like the placenta and testis. It transports small neutral amino acids particularly in conditions where high affinity for L-glutamine and L-alanine is needed. SAT2 plays a role in cellular uptake of these amino acids facilitating their movement across cell membranes in a sodium-dependent manner.

Biological function summary

SAT2 functions as part of the system A amino acid transporter family which is important for amino acid homeostasis. It actively transports amino acids that are used to synthesize proteins and other biologically active molecules. In the central nervous system SAT2 helps maintain glutamine levels for neurotransmitter cycling and energy metabolism. It does not form part of a larger complex but interacts closely with intracellular and extracellular environments to facilitate its transport role.

Pathways

SAT2 engages in amino acid transport processes integral to nitrogen metabolism and neurotransmitter cycling. In the mTOR signaling pathway SAT2 contributes by supplying necessary amino acids that serve as signaling molecules to regulate cell growth and metabolism. It closely interacts with other amino acid transporters like LAT1 which together maintain balanced amino acid availability necessary for cellular signaling and metabolic needs.

SAT2 plays a role in metabolic conditions like glutamine deficiency where disrupted glutamine transport affects brain and muscle function. Abnormal SAT2 function associates with neurological disorders potentially impacting proteins involved in neurotransmitter synthesis like glutamine synthetase. Such disruptions can have implications for conditions such as epilepsy where altered glutamine and glutamate metabolism may influence seizure activities.