Recombinant Human Topoisomerase II beta/TOP2B protein (GST tag N-Terminus)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Topoisomerase II beta (TOP2B) is an essential enzyme that alters the topological states of DNA during transcription replication and chromatin remodeling. It accomplishes this by inducing transient double-strand breaks in the DNA helix to facilitate the passage of another DNA segment through this break before the enzyme reseals the break. TOP2B is also known as DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) and has a molecular mass of approximately 180 kDa. The enzyme is widely expressed across various tissues but the highest levels are found in the brain and testis reflecting its vital role in these organs.

Biological function summary

Topoisomerase II beta contributes to the regulation of genetic processes such as transcription chromosome segregation and DNA repair. It is not a lone player; TOP2B often functions within a complex involving other proteins that assist in stabilizing the DNA topology changes it mediates. The enzyme's activity ensures proper chromatin dynamics particularly in neurons where it influences long-range transcription regulation essential for neural development and function.

Pathways

Topoisomerase II beta plays a significant role in DNA damage response and repair pathways interacting with intricate network proteins like RPA (Replication Protein A) and BRCA1. In addition TOP2B is involved in the transcriptional regulation pathway where it facilitates changes in chromatin structure necessary for the transcription machinery to access gene sequences. Its interactions with these proteins highlight its integration in cellular mechanisms maintaining genomic stability and regulating gene expression.

Topoisomerase II beta has associations with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Aberrations in TOP2B activity can lead to genomic instability contributing to oncogenesis particularly in types of leukemia and solid tumors. Elevated or dysfunctional activity of TOP2B is often observed alongside proteins like the tumor suppressor p53 an important regulator of cell cycle and apoptosis linking their combined malfunction to cancer progression. Additionally irregular TOP2B function is connected to Alzheimer's disease with evidence suggesting its involvement in neuronal death often alongside proteins like Tau further implicating its role in neurodegenerative pathologies.