Recombinant Human VIP protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) also known as VIP or Alexa VIP is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide with a molecular mass of approximately 3326 Da. VIP is broadly expressed in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It plays a mechanical role as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator impacting various physiological functions such as vasodilation regulation of prolactin secretion and modulation of intestinal motility. By engaging in these processes VIP affects multiple bodily systems and acts at many sites within the human body.

Biological function summary

This protein influences immune response smooth muscle activity and circadian rhythm. VIP operates independently and as part of a complex in the body interacting with specific receptor types on the cellular surface like VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors which are part of the G-protein coupled receptors family. VIP’s role as a regulator of immune response includes modulation of cytokine production and influencing lymphocyte activity implicating it as a significant player in homeostasis.

Pathways

A well-known function of VIP involves its participation in the cAMP signaling pathway which contributes to various cellular responses like neurotransmitter release and neuropeptide-mediated pathways influencing endocrine systems. VIP's activity in these pathways connects it to other proteins such as adenylate cyclase which it influences to increase cAMP levels further affecting processes such as synaptic transmission and the regulation of circadian rhythms. Through these pathways VIP affects physiological processes across the nervous and endocrine systems coordinating different aspects of bodily function.

VIP has notable associations with conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and asthma. The modulation of inflammatory processes by VIP impacts these diseases by influencing immune responses which can either exacerbate or alleviate symptoms. In IBD VIP interacts with elements of the immune system reducing inflammation and helping maintain mucosal integrity. In asthma VIP can alter airway inflammation and smooth muscle contraction through its pathways connected to the immune system and smooth muscle tissues interacting with proteins like cytokines that play roles in these conditions.