Recombinant mouse CD45 protein

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

CD45 also known as Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C (PTPRC) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular mass ranging between 180-240 kDa depending on its isoform. It is expressed on the surface of almost all hematopoietic cells except for mature erythrocytes and platelets. CD45 has a critical role in regulating antigen receptor signaling by modifying kinases involved in signal transduction and it is essential in lymphocyte development and activation. Because of its broad expression on immune cells CD45 is a valuable marker for differentiating various immune cell types in assays like flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) often referred to as CD45 stain.

Biological function summary

CD45 acts by regulating tyrosine phosphorylation in the immune cell signaling context participating directly in signal transduction. It functions by dephosphorylating specific phosphotyrosine residues on various proteins modulating the signaling threshold required for lymphocyte activation. Although not known to be part of a protein complex CD45 itself shows isoform variation that associates with specific immune cell types impacting their function. Importantly CD45 interacts with multiple signaling molecules to affect cell growth and differentiation.

Pathways

Scientists associate CD45 with signaling pathways such as the T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling. CD45 modulates the activity of Src family kinases important elements in these pathways making it essential for effective immune response and tolerance. Furthermore interactions between CD45 and proteins like Lck in T-cells or Lyn in B-cells highlight its pivotal role in executing its signaling functions.

Scientists often link CD45 to immune-related conditions including autoimmunity and leukemia. In autoimmune diseases altered CD45 expression or activity can disrupt normal immune function contributing to pathogenesis. In leukemia CD45 expression levels can assist in disease classification and prognosis as it interacts with proteins involved in cell cycle regulation. The anti-CD45 antibodies can provide diagnostic and therapeutic avenues highlighting their utility in disease management.