Recombinant mouse IGF1 protein (Active)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The insulin-like growth factor 1 or IGF1 is a protein hormone that plays an important mechanical role in growth and development. Alternative names for IGF1 include somatomedin C. This protein has a mass of approximately 7.6 kDa and is mainly produced by the liver. IGF1 is expressed in a range of tissues including muscle bone and cartilage reflecting its importance in various physiological processes. Its production is stimulated by growth hormone and it acts in an autocrine and paracrine manner to exert its effects.

Biological function summary

IGF1 stimulates growth and proliferation of cells most notably impacting the development of the skeletal system and the regulation of apoptosis. It is not part of a larger protein complex but it interacts closely with IGF1 receptor to execute its functions. By binding to this receptor IGF1 activates intracellular signaling cascades that promote anabolic effects which include increased uptake of glucose and amino acids contributing to muscle and tissue growth.

Pathways

IGF1 operates within the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways which are significant for cell survival and proliferation. Its interaction with proteins like IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) modulates its availability and activity in the bloodstream. These pathways are critical for mediating the effects of growth hormone highlighting the role of IGF1 in systemic growth and metabolism regulation.

Alterations in IGF1 levels associate with growth abnormalities such as Laron syndrome and acromegaly. Laron syndrome results from the body's inability to use IGF1 properly due to receptor defects while acromegaly occurs from excessive IGF1 production often due to pituitary tumors. Furthermore aberrant IGF1 signaling connects to cancer development where it can drive tumor growth and metastasis. Drugs targeting IGF1 and its pathway components continue to be researched for therapeutic potential in these conditions.