Recombinant Mouse PTX3 Protein Standard (His tag)

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) also known as TSG-14 or TNF-Inducible Gene 14 Protein is an important component of the immune system. Mechanically PTX3 functions as part of the body's defense mechanism against pathogens and tissue damage. It has a molecular weight of approximately 42 kDa and is expressed in a range of tissues such as the immune cells endothelium and epithelial cells. Upon inflammatory signals these cells secrete PTX3 which quickly identifies microbial molecules and apoptotic cells.

Biological function summary

The role of PTX3 extends beyond simple pathogen recognition. It is involved in the regulation of inflammation and tissue homeostasis. As part of the pentraxin superfamily PTX3 plays a role in the formation of complexes with other molecules such as complement components. These interactions modulate the complement cascade an essential part of the innate immune response and influence the resolution of inflammation. PTX3 also interacts with extracellular matrix components stabilizing tissue structure during immune response.

Pathways

PTX3 integrates into vital immune signaling networks. It actively participates in the complement pathway where it regulates the activity of C1q and C3 key complement proteins. Additionally PTX3 connects with the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway. This interaction helps modulate the body's response to microbial infections by influencing the activity of TLR4 among other related proteins which are fundamental in recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns.

PTX3 is linked to various inflammatory conditions. High levels of PTX3 often indicate a response to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. In this context its interactions with C1q highlight its role in modulating disease progression. PTX3 also relates to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis where its increased expression correlates with disease severity. In rheumatoid arthritis PTX3 can interact with pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha exacerbating the inflammatory process.