Acp3
Function
A non-specific tyrosine phosphatase that dephosphorylates a diverse number of substrates under acidic conditions (pH 4-6) including alkyl, aryl, and acyl orthophosphate monoesters and phosphorylated proteins. Has lipid phosphatase activity and inactivates lysophosphatidic acid in seminal plasma (By similarity).
Isoform 2
In addition to its tyrosine phosphatase activity, also has ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Generates adenosine from AMP. This extracellular adenosine leads to a decrease in chronic pain by activating A1R in nociceptive neurons.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family.
Tissue Specificity
Isoform 1
Expressed in salivary gland, thymus and thyroid gland.
Isoform 2
Widely expressed in prostate lobes, brain, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, placenta, salivary gland, spleen, thyroid and thymus. Locates to Schwann cells and fibroblasts. Expressed in peptidergic and non-peptidergic nociceptive (pain-sensing) neurons. Preferentially expressed in non-peptidergic doral root ganglia neurons.
Cellular localization
- Isoform 1
- Secreted
- Isoform 2
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Lysosome membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Appears to shuttle between the cell membrane and intracellular vesicles. Colocalizes with FLOT1 at cell membrane and in intracellular vesicles (PubMed:17638863). Colocalizes with LAMP2 on the lysosome membrane (By similarity).
Alternative names
Acpp, Acp3, Prostatic acid phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, Acid phosphatase 3, Ecto-5'-nucleotidase, Fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase, Protein tyrosine phosphatase ACP3, Thiamine monophosphatase, 5'-NT, FRAP, TMPase