ADAMTS15
Domain
The spacer domain and the TSP type-1 domains are important for a tight interaction with the extracellular matrix.
The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
Function
Metalloprotease which has proteolytic activity against the proteoglycan VCAN, cleaving it at the 'Glu-1428-|-1429-Ala' site. Cleaves VCAN in the pericellular matrix surrounding myoblasts, facilitating myoblast contact and fusion which is required for skeletal muscle development and regeneration.
Involvement in disease
Arthrogryposis, distal, 12
DA12
A form of distal arthrogryposis, a disease characterized by congenital joint contractures that mainly involve two or more distal parts of the limbs, in the absence of a primary neurological or muscle disease. DA12 is an autosomal recessive form characterized by congenital contractures, primarily affecting the small joints of the fingers and toes. Additional features include knee, Achilles tendon, and toe contractures, spinal stiffness, scoliosis, and orthodontic abnormalities.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
Glycosylated. Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs. Also N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in fetal liver and kidney, but not in any of the adult tissues examined.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Extracellular space
- Extracellular matrix
- Cell surface
Alternative names
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 15, ADAM-TS 15, ADAM-TS15, ADAMTS-15, ADAMTS15