ALB

Function

Binds water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs (Probable). Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood (Probable). Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc (PubMed:19021548). Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity). Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity). Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli (PubMed:6234017). Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin (PubMed:6234017).

Involvement in disease

Hyperthyroxinemia, familial dysalbuminemic

FDAH

A disorder characterized by abnormally elevated levels of total serum thyroxine (T4) in euthyroid patients. It is due to abnormal serum albumin that binds T4 with enhanced affinity.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Analbuminemia

ANALBA

A rare autosomal recessive disorder manifested by the presence of a very low amount of circulating serum albumin. Affected individuals manifest mild edema, hypotension, fatigue, and, occasionally, lower body lipodystrophy (mainly in adult females). The most common biochemical finding is hyperlipidemia, with a significant increase in the total and LDL cholesterol concentrations, but normal concentrations of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

Kenitra variant is partially O-glycosylated at Thr-620. It has two new disulfide bonds Cys-600 to Cys-602 and Cys-601 to Cys-606.

Glycated in diabetic patients.

Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.

Acetylated on Lys-223 by acetylsalicylic acid.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family.

Tissue specificity

Plasma.

Cellular localization

• Secreted

Alternative names

• Albumin
• PRO2044
• PRO1708
• PRO0903
• PRO2619
• PRO2675
• UNQ696/PRO1341
• GIG42
• GIG20
• ALB

Database links

• entrezGene:213
• omim:103600
• swissprot:P02768

Target type

Proteins

Molecular weight

69367Da