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ALPL

Function

This isozyme plays a key role in skeletal mineralization by regulating levels of diphosphate (PPi).

Involvement in disease

Hypophosphatasia

HOPS

A metabolic bone disease characterized by defective skeletal mineralization and biochemically by deficient activity of the tissue non-specific isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase. Four forms are distinguished, depending on the age of onset: perinatal, infantile, childhood and adult type. The perinatal form is the most severe and is almost always fatal. The adult form is mild and characterized by recurrent fractures, osteomalacia, rickets, and loss of teeth. Some cases are asymptomatic, while some patients manifest dental features without skeletal manifestations (odontohypophosphatasia).

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Hypophosphatasia childhood type

HOPSC

A bone disease characterized by defective skeletal mineralization and biochemically by deficient activity of the tissue non-specific isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Hypophosphatasia infantile type

HOPSI

A severe bone disease characterized by defective skeletal mineralization and biochemically by deficient activity of the tissue non-specific isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase. Three more or less distinct types of infantile hypophosphatasia can be identified: (1) type 1 with onset in utero or in early postnatal life, craniostenosis, severe skeletal abnormalities, hypercalcemia, and death in the first year or so of life; (2) type 2 with later, more gradual development of symptoms, moderately severe 'rachitic' skeletal changes and premature loss of teeth; (3) type 3 with no symptoms, the condition being determined on routine studies.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

N-glycosylated.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the alkaline phosphatase family.

Cellular localization

  • Cell membrane
  • Lipid-anchor
  • GPI-anchor

Alternative names

  • AP-TNAP
  • TNSALP
  • Alkaline phosphatase liver/bone/kidney isozyme
  • ALPL

Target type

Proteins

Molecular weight

57305Da