ANGPTL4
Function
Mediates inactivation of the lipoprotein lipase LPL, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of triglyceride clearance from the blood serum and in lipid metabolism (PubMed:19270337, PubMed:21398697, PubMed:27929370, PubMed:29899144). May also play a role in regulating glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity (Probable). Inhibits proliferation, migration, and tubule formation of endothelial cells and reduces vascular leakage (PubMed:14583458, PubMed:17068295). Upon heterologous expression, inhibits the adhesion of endothelial cell to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and inhibits the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions in endothelial cells that have adhered to ANGPTL4-containing ECM (in vitro) (PubMed:17068295). Depending on context, may modulate tumor-related angiogenesis (By similarity).
ANGPTL4 N-terminal chain
Mediates inactivation of the lipoprotein lipase LPL, and thereby plays an important role in the regulation of triglyceride clearance from the blood serum and in lipid metabolism (PubMed:19270337, PubMed:21398697, PubMed:27929370, PubMed:29899144). Has higher activity in LPL inactivation than the uncleaved protein (PubMed:19270337, PubMed:21398697).
Post-translational modifications
N-glycosylated.
ANGPTL4 N-terminal chain
Forms disulfide-linked dimers and tetramers.
Cleaved into a smaller N-terminal chain and a larger chain that contains the fibrinogen C-terminal domain; both cleaved and uncleaved forms are detected in the extracellular space. The cleaved form is not present within the cell.
Tissue Specificity
Detected in blood plasma (at protein level) (PubMed:29899519). Detected in liver (PubMed:10698685). Detected in white fat tissue and placenta (PubMed:10866690). Expressed at high levels in the placenta, heart, liver, muscle, pancreas and lung but expressed poorly in the brain and kidney.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
- Secreted
- Extracellular space
- Extracellular matrix
- The unprocessed form interacts with the extracellular matrix (PubMed:17068295, PubMed:21398697). This may constitute a dynamic reservoir, a regulatory mechanism of the bioavailability of ANGPTL4 (Probable).
Alternative names
ARP4, HFARP, PGAR, PP1158, PSEC0166, UNQ171/PRO197, ANGPTL4, Angiopoietin-related protein 4, Angiopoietin-like protein 4, Hepatic fibrinogen/angiopoietin-related protein