APOA1
GeneName
APOA1
Summary
APOA1, also known as apoA I or apoAI, is a 31kDa apolipoprotein primarily expressed in the liver and intestines. It is a major component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, particularly in cholesterol transport and efflux. APOA1 facilitates the assembly and clearance of HDL, thereby contributing to reverse cholesterol transport and maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. It interacts with various receptors and proteins, influencing processes such as endothelial cell migration and immune responses. Additionally, APOA1 is involved in the formation of lipoproteins and has been implicated in amyloid-beta formation, linking it to neurodegenerative conditions.
Importance
APOA1 is relevant to: - Cardiovascular health, as it plays a central role in lipid metabolism and the prevention of atherosclerosis through its involvement in HDL formation and cholesterol efflux. - Neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, due to its association with amyloid-beta and potential roles in amyloid plaque formation. - Inflammation and immune regulation, given its function in modulating cytokine production and cell adhesion molecule expression. - Metabolic disorders, as it is involved in triglyceride and cholesterol homeostasis, influencing conditions such as obesity and diabetes.
Top Products
For researchers investigating APOA1, we highly recommend the top-selling recombinant antibody, Anti-Apolipoprotein A I antibody [EP1368Y] (ab52945). This antibody has been validated in a variety of applications, including Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), ELISA, immunoprecipitation (IP), immunocytochemistry (ICC), and flow cytometry (FC), making it an excellent choice for diverse experimental needs. With 56 citations, it is well-regarded in the research community, reflecting its reliability and effectiveness in detecting APOA1. This antibody offers the consistency and performance that researchers seek in their studies. The Human Apolipoprotein AI ELISA Kit (ab189576), supported by 9 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure APOA1 levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that the Abcam antibody ab52945 is effectively used to detect APOA1 in various human serum samples, including studies related to transient limb ischemia and hepatocellular carcinoma. Additionally, it has been applied in keratocyte lysates, suggesting its versatility in different biological contexts.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion by promoting cholesterol efflux from tissues and by acting as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). As part of the SPAP complex, activates spermatozoa motility.
Involvement in disease
Hypoalphalipoproteinemia, primary, 2
FHA2
An autosomal recessive disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, biochemically characterized by severe apoA-I deficiency and severely reduced serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Affected individuals have undetectable serum levels of apoA-I, and develop xanthomas and corneal opacities. The disease is generally associated with atherosclerosis and markedly increased cardiovascular risk.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Hypoalphalipoproteinemia, primary, 2, intermediate
FHA2I
An autosomal dominant disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, biochemically characterized by partial apoA-I deficiency and reduced serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Affected individuals have half the normal plasma apoA-I and HDL-C levels, and may develop xanthomas and corneal opacities. Most patients do not have increased cardiovascular risk.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Familial apolipoprotein gene cluster deletion syndrome
FAPLDS
An autosomal dominant disorder of lipoprotein metabolism. Affected individuals do not produce ApoA-I, ApoC-III and ApoA-IV lipoproteins, have marked plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency, and manifest premature atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.
None
The gene represented in this entry is involved in disease pathogenesis.
Amyloidosis, hereditary systemic 3
AMYLD3
A form of hereditary systemic amyloidosis, a disorder characterized by amyloid deposition in multiple tissues resulting in a wide clinical spectrum. AMYLD3 clinical features include amyloid neuropathy, nephropathy, hepatopathy, and cardiomyopathy. Inheritance is autosomal dominant.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Post-translational modifications
Glycosylated.
Palmitoylated.
Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.
Tissue Specificity
Major protein of plasma HDL, also found in chylomicrons. Synthesized in the liver and small intestine. The oxidized form at Met-110 and Met-136 is increased in individuals with increased risk for coronary artery disease, such as in carrier of the eNOSa/b genotype and exposure to cigarette smoking. It is also present in increased levels in aortic lesions relative to native ApoA-I and increased levels are seen with increasing severity of disease.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
Apolipoprotein A-I, Apo-AI, ApoA-I, Apolipoprotein A1, APOA1
Database links
swissprot:P02647 entrezGene:335 omim:107680
Other research areas
- Oncology