ATG14
Domain
The coiled-coil domain is required for BECN1- and PIK3C3-binding and for autophagy.
The final 80 residues in the C-terminus define a minimum required region for autophagosome binding called BATS.
The N-terminal cysteine repeats are required for proper localization to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Function
Required for both basal and inducible autophagy. Determines the localization of the autophagy-specific PI3-kinase complex PI3KC3-C1 (PubMed:18843052, PubMed:19050071). Plays a role in autophagosome formation and MAP1LC3/LC3 conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PubMed:19270696, PubMed:20713597). Promotes BECN1 translocation from the trans-Golgi network to autophagosomes (PubMed:20713597). Enhances PIK3C3 activity in a BECN1-dependent manner. Essential for the autophagy-dependent phosphorylation of BECN1 (PubMed:23878393). Stimulates the phosphorylation of BECN1, but suppresses the phosphorylation PIK3C3 by AMPK (PubMed:23878393). Binds to STX17-SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex on autophagosomes and primes it for VAMP8 interaction to promote autophagosome-endolysosome fusion (PubMed:25686604, PubMed:37632749). Modulates the hepatic lipid metabolism (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications
Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-6', 'Lys-11' and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains on multiple lysines by MARCHF7, leading to ATG14 aggregation and loss of interaction with STX17.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the ATG14 family.
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Preautophagosomal structure membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Cytoplasmic vesicle
- Autophagosome membrane
- Peripheral membrane protein
- Cytosolic under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:19050071). Following autophagy stimuli, such as starvation or rapamycin induction, predominantly detected in cytoplasmic foci, identified as isolation membranes and autophagosomes (PubMed:19050071). Accumulates on highly curved PtdIns(3)P enriched autophagic membrane via its BATS domain to sense and maintain membrane curvature (By similarity). Localizes also to discrete punctae along the ciliary axoneme and to the base of the ciliary axoneme (By similarity).
Alternative names
ATG14L, KIAA0831, ATG14, Beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator, Barkor, Autophagy-related protein 14-like protein, Atg14L