BGLAP
GeneName
BGLAP
Summary
BGLAP, also known as bone Gla protein (BGP), is a 11 kDa secreted protein predominantly expressed in bone tissue. It plays a vital role in bone mineralization and is involved in the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activities. BGLAP is localised in various cellular compartments including the extracellular region and cytoplasm, and is known for its ability to bind calcium ions and hydroxyapatite, contributing to its function as a structural constituent of bone. Additionally, it has roles in brain development and cognition, influencing processes such as learning and memory through its involvement in neurotransmitter secretion.
Importance
BGLAP is relevant to: - Bone health and diseases, such as osteoporosis, due to its role in bone mineralization and regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activity - Neurological research, as it may influence cognitive functions and responses to various stimuli - Metabolic studies, given its involvement in glucose homeostasis and cellular responses to insulin - Endocrine research, considering its regulatory functions in response to hormones like estrogen and testosterone
Top Products
For researchers investigating BGLAP, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-Osteocalcin antibody (ab93876), which has garnered 437 citations, reflecting its strong reputation in the field. This antibody is particularly effective for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB), making it a reliable choice for various applications. Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-Osteocalcin antibody [EPR3690] (ab133612). This monoclonal antibody is validated for use in western blotting (WB) and has 121 citations, indicating its growing acceptance among researchers. The recombinant nature of this product ensures batch-to-batch consistency, which is essential for reproducible results in your experiments. Together, these antibodies provide robust options for studying BGLAP with confidence. The Anti-Osteocalcin antibody [EPR3690] ELISA Kit (ab133612), with 121 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure BGLAP levels in their samples.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that BGLAP is frequently studied in the context of bone metabolism and osteogenesis, particularly in mouse models. Various applications of Abcam antibodies, including Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, are employed to investigate BGLAP expression in different biological contexts, such as osteoblast differentiation and activity. Human samples are also included, highlighting the relevance of BGLAP in human bone-related studies.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Bone protein that constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein, and which acts as a negative regulator of bone formation (PubMed:3019668, PubMed:6967872). Functions to limit bone formation without impairing bone resorption or mineralization (By similarity). It binds strongly to apatite and calcium (PubMed:6967872).
The uncarboxylated form acts as a hormone secreted by osteoblasts, which regulates different cellular processes, such as energy metabolism, male fertility and brain development. Regulates of energy metabolism by acting as a hormone favoring pancreatic beta-cell proliferation, insulin secretion and sensitivity and energy expenditure. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin hormone also promotes testosterone production in the testes: acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled receptor GPRC6A at the surface of Leydig cells, initiating a signaling response that promotes the expression of enzymes required for testosterone synthesis in a CREB-dependent manner. Also acts as a regulator of brain development: osteocalcin hormone crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a ligand for GPR158 on neurons, initiating a signaling response that prevents neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, favors the synthesis of all monoamine neurotransmitters and inhibits that of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Osteocalcin also crosses the placenta during pregnancy and maternal osteocalcin is required for fetal brain development.
Post-translational modifications
Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation by GGCX. These residues are essential for the binding of calcium (By similarity) (PubMed:6967872). Decarboxylation promotes the hormone activity (By similarity).
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the osteocalcin/matrix Gla protein family.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
Osteocalcin, Bone Gla protein, Gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein, BGP, BGLAP