Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
Function
Catalyzes the amidation of bile acids (BAs) with the amino acids taurine and glycine (PubMed:12239217, PubMed:12810727, PubMed:2037576, PubMed:8034703). More than 95% of the BAs are N-acyl amidates with glycine and taurine (PubMed:8034703). Amidation of BAs in the liver with glycine or taurine prior to their excretion into bile is an important biochemical event in bile acid metabolism (PubMed:12810727). This conjugation (or amidation) plays several important biological roles in that it promotes the secretion of BAs and cholesterol into bile and increases the detergent properties of BAs in the intestine, which facilitates lipid and vitamin absorption (PubMed:12810727). May also act as an acyl-CoA thioesterase that regulates intracellular levels of free fatty acids (PubMed:12239217, PubMed:12810727, PubMed:8034703). In vitro, catalyzes the hydrolysis of long- and very long-chain saturated acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), and conjugates glycine to these acyl-CoAs (PubMed:12810727).
Involvement in disease
Bile acid conjugation defect 1
BACD1
An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by reduced biliary secretion of conjugated bile acids, fat malabsorption, and fat-soluble vitamin deficiency. Clinical manifestations include rickets with variable growth failure due to vitamin D deficiency, and coagulopathy due to deficiency of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Additional variable features include pruritis, anemia, hepatomegaly, and bile duct proliferation on liver biopsy. Laboratory studies show abnormally increased levels of unconjugated bile acids.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the gallbladder mucosa and pancreas (PubMed:12810727, PubMed:2037576). Expressed in hepatocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:12810727, PubMed:2037576, PubMed:23415802).
Cellular localization
- Cytoplasm
- Cytosol
- Peroxisome
Alternative names
Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase, BACAT, BAT, Bile acid-CoA thioesterase, Choloyl-CoA hydrolase, Glycine N-choloyltransferase, Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA hydrolase, BAAT