BSG
GeneName
BSG
Summary
BSG, also known as EMMPRIN, CD147, or HAb18G, is a 42 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein that is widely expressed in various tissues, including the brain, heart, and skin. It is localised to multiple cellular compartments such as the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi membrane. BSG functions primarily as a cell-cell adhesion mediator and plays a role in cadherin binding and signalling receptor activity. It is involved in several biological processes, including angiogenesis, endothelial tube morphogenesis, and neutrophil chemotaxis, as well as serving as a receptor for certain viruses. Its diverse functions are crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and facilitating cellular interactions.
Importance
BSG is relevant to: - Cancer research due to its role in tumour progression and metastasis through its involvement in cell adhesion and migration - Inflammatory responses as it regulates neutrophil chemotaxis and cytokine production - Neurodevelopment and retinal health, given its involvement in neural retina development and photoreceptor cell maintenance - Viral pathogenesis, as it facilitates viral entry into host cells, making it a potential target for antiviral therapies
Top Products
For researchers investigating BSG, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited Anti-CD147 antibody [MEM-M6/1] (ab666), a monoclonal antibody that has garnered 37 citations, highlighting its reliability in the field. This antibody is validated for use in Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), as well as flow cytometry (FC), making it a versatile choice for various applications. Importantly, it has also been validated in knockout models, ensuring its effectiveness in specific experimental contexts.Additionally, we offer the recombinant Anti-CD147 antibody [EPR4053] (ab108308), which is also validated in knockout models and suitable for a broader range of applications, including WB, IHC, FC, and immunocytochemistry (ICC). With 16 citations, this recombinant antibody provides the batch-to-batch consistency that many researchers seek. Together, these antibodies represent a robust toolkit for studying BSG effectively. The Recombinant Human CD147 protein (His tag) ELISA Kit (ab270595) is a reliable option for researchers looking to measure BSG with confidence, supported by its citation in the literature.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that BSG (Basigin) is being studied in various human tissues, particularly in the context of cancer and erythropoiesis. The use of antibodies in Western blotting and immunohistochemistry highlights its relevance in understanding reticulocyte maturation, clear cell renal carcinoma, and glioblastoma, suggesting its potential role in these conditions.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Isoform 1
Essential for normal retinal maturation and development (By similarity). Acts as a retinal cell surface receptor for NXNL1 and plays an important role in NXNL1-mediated survival of retinal cone photoreceptors (PubMed:25957687). In association with glucose transporter SLC16A1/GLUT1 and NXNL1, promotes retinal cone survival by enhancing aerobic glycolysis and accelerating the entry of glucose into photoreceptors (PubMed:25957687). May act as a potent stimulator of IL6 secretion in multiple cell lines that include monocytes (PubMed:21620857).
Isoform 1
(Microbial infection) Erythrocyte receptor for P.falciparum RH5 which is essential for erythrocyte invasion by the merozoite stage of P.falciparum isolates 3D7 and Dd2.
Isoform 2
Signaling receptor for cyclophilins, essential for PPIA/CYPA and PPIB/CYPB-dependent signaling related to chemotaxis and adhesion of immune cells (PubMed:11688976, PubMed:11943775). Plays an important role in targeting monocarboxylate transporters SLC16A1/GLUT1, SLC16A11 and SLC16A12 to the plasma membrane (PubMed:17127621, PubMed:21778275, PubMed:28666119). Acts as a coreceptor for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR/VEGFR2) in endothelial cells enhancing its VEGFA-mediated activation and downstream signaling (PubMed:25825981). Promotes angiogenesis through EPAS1/HIF2A-mediated up-regulation of VEGFA (isoform VEGF-165 and VEGF-121) and KDR/VEGFR2 in endothelial cells (PubMed:19837976). Plays a key role in regulating tumor growth, invasion, metastasis and neoangiogenesis by stimulating the production and release of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases and KDR/VEGFR2 by both tumor cells and stromal cells (fibroblasts and endothelial cells) (PubMed:11992541, PubMed:12553375, PubMed:15833850).
Isoform 2
(Microbial infection) Erythrocyte receptor for P.falciparum RH5 which is essential for erythrocyte invasion by the merozoite stage of P.falciparum isolates 3D7, Dd2, 7G8 and HB3 (PubMed:22080952, PubMed:26195724). Binding of P.falciparum RH5 results in BSG dimerization which triggers an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) in the erythrocyte (PubMed:28409866). This essential step leads to a rearrangement of the erythrocyte cytoskeleton required for the merozoite invasion (PubMed:28409866).
Isoform 2
(Microbial infection) Can facilitate human SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1) infection via its interaction with virus-associated PPIA/CYPA.
Isoform 2
(Microbial infection) Can facilitate HIV-1 infection via its interaction with virus-associated PPIA/CYPA.
Isoform 2
(Microbial infection) First described as a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is not required for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Isoform 2
(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for measles virus.
Isoform 2
(Microbial infection) Promotes entry of pentamer-expressing human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) into epithelial and endothelial cells.
Plays a role in neurite outgrowth.
Post-translational modifications
Isoform 2
N-glycosylated.
Isoform 3
N-glycosylated.
Isoform 4
N-glycosylated.
Tissue Specificity
Isoform 1
Retina-specific (PubMed:25957687). Expressed in retinal cone photoreceptors (at protein level) (PubMed:25957687).
Isoform 2
Expressed in erythrocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:26195724, PubMed:28409866). Highly expressed in melanoma cell lines (at protein level) (PubMed:11992541). Highly expressed in the heart, kidney, skeletal muscle and testis (PubMed:21536654).
Isoform 3
Highly expressed in the bone marrow, fetal liver, lung, testis and thymus.
Isoform 4
Highly expressed in the bone marrow, fetal liver, lung, testis and thymus.
Cellular localization
- Melanosome
- Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV.
- Isoform 1
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Photoreceptor inner segment
- Cell projection
- Cilium
- Photoreceptor outer segment
- Isoform 2
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Endosome
- Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Basolateral cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Isoform 3
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
- Isoform 4
- Cell membrane
- Single-pass type I membrane protein
Alternative names
CD147, UNQ6505/PRO21383, BSG, Basigin, 5F7, Collagenase stimulatory factor, Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, Hepatoma-associated antigen, Leukocyte activation antigen M6, OK blood group antigen, Tumor cell-derived collagenase stimulatory factor, EMMPRIN, HAb18G, TCSF