C5
GeneName
C5
Summary
C5, also known as C5b-9 or C5a, is a 188 kDa protein that plays a pivotal role in the complement system, which is part of the immune response. It is primarily expressed in the extracellular space and is involved in the formation of the membrane attack complex, which contributes to the lysis of pathogens. C5 is cleaved into two fragments, C5a and C5b, where C5a acts as a potent chemotactic factor for immune cells and C5b initiates the assembly of the membrane attack complex. This protein is crucial for various signalling pathways, including G protein-coupled receptor signalling and the inflammatory response, influencing both chemotaxis and the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production.
Importance
C5 is relevant to: - The regulation of immune responses through its role in complement activation, which is essential for pathogen clearance and inflammation - Chemotaxis and recruitment of immune cells, impacting conditions such as infections and autoimmune diseases - The role of C5a in promoting inflammation, making it a potential target for therapeutic interventions in inflammatory diseases - Its involvement in the membrane attack complex, which is important for the killing of cells from other organisms, highlighting its relevance in host defence mechanisms
Top Products
For researchers investigating the C5 gene, we recommend two primary antibodies that cater to different applications. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-C5b-9 antibody (ab55811), which has garnered 99 citations, highlighting its reliability in immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). This antibody is a trusted choice for those focusing on these specific applications. Additionally, we offer the recombinant antibody, Anti-C5a antibody [EPR19699-24] (ab202039), which is suitable for western blotting (WB) and immunoprecipitation (IP). With its monoclonal nature, this antibody ensures batch-to-batch consistency, making it an excellent option for researchers requiring dependable results in their experiments. "The Mouse Complement C5 ELISA Kit (ab264609), supported by 5 citations, is an excellent option for researchers looking to accurately measure C5 levels in their samples."
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that Abcam antibodies targeting complement C5 have been employed in various studies, primarily focusing on its detection in saliva and blood samples, as well as in immunohistochemistry on rat ependymal tissue. The studies highlight the role of C5 in conditions such as oral squamous cell carcinoma and the effects of systemic inhibition of C5.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Activation of C5 by a C5 convertase initiates the spontaneous assembly of the late complement components, C5-C9, into the membrane attack complex. C5b has a transient binding site for C6. The C5b-C6 complex is the foundation upon which the lytic complex is assembled.
C5a anaphylatoxin
Derived from proteolytic degradation of complement C5, C5a anaphylatoxin is a mediator of local inflammatory process. Binding to the receptor C5AR1 induces a variety of responses including intracellular calcium release, contraction of smooth muscle, increased vascular permeability, and histamine release from mast cells and basophilic leukocytes (PubMed:8182049). C5a is also a potent chemokine which stimulates the locomotion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and directs their migration toward sites of inflammation.
Involvement in disease
Complement component 5 deficiency
C5D
A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with susceptibility to severe recurrent infections, predominantly by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis.
None
The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
An association study of C5 haplotypes and genotypes in individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus infection shows that individuals homozygous for the C5_1 haplotype have a significantly higher stage of liver fibrosis than individuals carrying at least 1 other allele.
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
CPAMD4, C5, Complement C5, C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 4
Database links
swissprot:P01031 entrezGene:735 swissprot:P07357 omim:120900 swissprot:P10643 swissprot:P02748 swissprot:P13671 swissprot:Q14CJ0 swissprot:Q27I61 entrezGene:727 entrezGene:729 entrezGene:730 entrezGene:731