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CAMK2B

Domain

The CAMK2 protein kinases contain a unique C-terminal subunit association domain responsible for oligomerization.

Function

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that functions autonomously after Ca(2+)/calmodulin-binding and autophosphorylation, and is involved in dendritic spine and synapse formation, neuronal plasticity and regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) transport in skeletal muscle (PubMed:16690701). In neurons, plays an essential structural role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton during plasticity by binding and bundling actin filaments in a kinase-independent manner. This structural function is required for correct targeting of CaMK2A, which acts downstream of NMDAR to promote dendritic spine and synapse formation and maintain synaptic plasticity which enables long-term potentiation (LTP) and hippocampus-dependent learning. In developing hippocampal neurons, promotes arborization of the dendritic tree and in mature neurons, promotes dendritic remodeling. Also regulates the migration of developing neurons (PubMed:29100089). Participates in the modulation of skeletal muscle function in response to exercise (PubMed:16690701). In slow-twitch muscles, is involved in regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) transport and in fast-twitch muscle participates in the control of Ca(2+) release from the SR through phosphorylation of triadin, a ryanodine receptor-coupling factor, and phospholamban (PLN/PLB), an endogenous inhibitor of SERCA2A/ATP2A2. In response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulation, catalyzes phosphorylation of STAT1, stimulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway (By similarity). Phosphorylates reticulophagy regulator RETREG1 at 'Ser-151' under endoplasmic reticulum stress conditions which enhances RETREG1 oligomerization and its membrane scission and reticulophagy activity (PubMed:31930741).

Involvement in disease

Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 54

MRD54

A disorder characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period.

None

The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Post-translational modifications

Autophosphorylation of Thr-287 following activation by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Phosphorylation of Thr-287 locks the kinase into an activated state.

Sequence Similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily.

Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed. Expressed in adult and fetal brain. Expression is slightly lower in fetal brain. Expressed in skeletal muscle.

Cellular localization

Alternative names

CAM2, CAMK2, CAMKB, CAMK2B, Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta, CaM kinase II subunit beta, CaMK-II subunit beta

swissprot:Q13554 entrezGene:817 entrezGene:816 entrezGene:815 swissprot:Q13557 swissprot:Q13555 omim:608721 omim:607707 omim:114078 swissprot:Q9UQM7 entrezGene:818