CCL2
GeneName
CCL2
Summary
CCL2, also known as MCP-1 or monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, is an 11 kDa chemokine that is secreted into the extracellular region and plays a pivotal role in the immune response. It primarily functions as a chemoattractant, guiding the migration of monocytes, macrophages, and other immune cells to sites of inflammation or injury. CCL2 binds to the CCR2 chemokine receptor, initiating various signalling pathways that influence cellular processes such as chemotaxis, cell adhesion, and cytokine-mediated responses. This protein is involved in several biological processes including angiogenesis, inflammatory responses, and cellular responses to various stimuli, making it essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and tissue repair.
Importance
CCL2 is relevant to: - Inflammatory diseases, as it mediates monocyte and macrophage recruitment to sites of inflammation. - Cancer progression, due to its role in promoting angiogenesis and tumour microenvironment modulation. - Neurodegenerative conditions, where it is implicated in astrocyte migration and neuronal responses to injury. - Cardiovascular diseases, as it contributes to atherosclerosis through its effects on monocyte chemotaxis and vascular inflammation.
Top Products
For researchers investigating CCL2, we recommend two excellent primary antibodies. The first is the well-cited polyclonal antibody, Anti-MCP1 antibody (ab9669), which has garnered 115 citations, highlighting its reliability in Western blotting (WB) and ELISA applications. Additionally, we offer the recombinant monoclonal antibody, Anti-MCP1 antibody [EPR21025] (ab214819). This antibody has been validated in knockout models and is suitable for a broader range of applications, including WB, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunocytochemistry (ICC), flow cytometry (FC), and immunoprecipitation (IP). With 27 citations, it is a trusted choice for researchers seeking consistent performance across various experimental setups. The Recombinant human MCP1 protein (Active) ELISA Kit (ab270081) is an excellent option for researchers looking to measure CCL2 in their experiments.
Abcam Product Citation Summary
The data indicates that CCL2 is being studied in various contexts related to inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in human and mouse models. The use of different applications such as ELISA and Western blotting highlights the importance of CCL2 in understanding disease mechanisms, including Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and Alzheimer's disease.
Abcam Product Citation Table
Function
Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2 (PubMed:10529171, PubMed:10587439, PubMed:9837883). Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions (PubMed:10587439, PubMed:9837883). Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils (PubMed:8195247, PubMed:8627182, PubMed:9792674). May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis (PubMed:8107690).
Post-translational modifications
Processing at the N-terminus can regulate receptor and target cell selectivity (PubMed:8627182). Deletion of the N-terminal residue converts it from an activator of basophil to an eosinophil chemoattractant (PubMed:8627182).
N-Glycosylated.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in the seminal plasma, endometrial fluid and follicular fluid (at protein level) (PubMed:23765988). Expressed in monocytes (PubMed:2513477).
Cellular localization
- Secreted
Alternative names
MCP1, SCYA2, CCL2, C-C motif chemokine 2, HC11, Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1, Monocyte secretory protein JE, Small-inducible cytokine A2, MCAF, MCP-1
Database links
swissprot:P13500 entrezGene:6347 omim:158105
Other research areas
- Cardiovascular
- Immuno-oncology
- Neuroscience